ArticleArteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology2015
Cigarette smoking and cardiovascular events: role of inflammation and subclinical atherosclerosis from the MultiEthnic Study of Atherosclerosis.
Open access · bronzeAbstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph
Article in Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
54citing papers in PubMed
6.4field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 96 citations in OpenAlex.
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- The association between cigarette smoking and inflammation: The Genetic Epidemiology Network of Arteriopathy (GENOA) study.PloS one · 2017Trial
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- Efficacy of upadacitinib in palmoplantar pustulosis case series highlights the complex immune response patterns.Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG · 2026Article
- Association between systemic immune-inflammation index and systemic inflammation response index and in-stent restenosis in patients with hypertension complicated by coronary heart disease.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- Aortic arch calcification in relation to cigarette smoking: results from the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis (MESA).The international journal of cardiovascular imaging · 2025Article
- Association Between Cigarette Smoking and Subclinical Markers of Cardiovascular Harm.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2025Article
- Long-term outcomes and risk modifiers of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease between lean and non-lean populations.Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2025Review
- Adverse Impact of Cannabis on Human Health.Annual review of medicine · 2024Review
- A Transcriptomic Analysis of Smoking-Induced Gene Expression Alterations in Coronary Artery Disease Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Waterpipe smoke inhalation induces lung injury and aortic endothelial dysfunction in mice.Physiological research · 2023Article
- Lipidomic Analysis of Hand Skin Surface Lipids Reveals Smoking-Related Skin Changes.Metabolites · 2023Article
- Does combined training of biofeedback and neurofeedback affect smoking status, behavior, and longitudinal brain plasticity?Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2023Article
- Measured Blood Pressure, Genetically Predicted Blood Pressure, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in the UK Biobank.JAMA cardiology · 2022Article
- Nicotine promotes vascular calcification via intracellular Ca2+-mediated, Nox5-induced oxidative stress, and extracellular vesicle release in vascular smooth muscle cells.Cardiovascular research · 2022Article
- PGC-1α induced mitochondrial biogenesis in stromal cells underpins mitochondrial transfer to melanoma.British journal of cancer · 2022Article
- [Clinical characteristics and risk factors of lower extremity arterial disease in patients with diabetic foot ulcer].Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2022Article
- Association of chronic inflammation with cardiovascular risk in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-A cross-sectional study.Health science reports · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
John W McEvoyFrom the Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease (J.W.M., M.J. Blaha, A.P.D., R.S.B., K.N.) and Division of Cardiology (J.A.C.L.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Division of Cardiology, Rudd Heart and Lung Center, University of Louisville, KY (A.P.D.); Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (D.A.B.); Division of Cardiology, Wake Forest University Health Center, Winston-Salem, NC (W.G.H.); Division of Cardiology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA (J.K.M.); Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (D.M.L.-J.); Division of General Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine and Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (R.G.B.); Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA (M.J. Budoff); Center for Wellness and Prevention, and Miami Cardiovascular Institute (MCVI), Baptist Health South Florida, Miami (K.N.); and Department of Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, and Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami (K.N.).
Michael J BlahaFrom the Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease (J.W.M., M.J. Blaha, A.P.D., R.S.B., K.N.) and Division of Cardiology (J.A.C.L.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Division of Cardiology, Rudd Heart and Lung Center, University of Louisville, KY (A.P.D.); Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (D.A.B.); Division of Cardiology, Wake Forest University Health Center, Winston-Salem, NC (W.G.H.); Division of Cardiology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA (J.K.M.); Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (D.M.L.-J.); Division of General Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine and Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (R.G.B.); Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA (M.J. Budoff); Center for Wellness and Prevention, and Miami Cardiovascular Institute (MCVI), Baptist Health South Florida, Miami (K.N.); and Department of Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, and Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami (K.N.).
Andrew P DeFilippisFrom the Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease (J.W.M., M.J. Blaha, A.P.D., R.S.B., K.N.) and Division of Cardiology (J.A.C.L.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Division of Cardiology, Rudd Heart and Lung Center, University of Louisville, KY (A.P.D.); Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (D.A.B.); Division of Cardiology, Wake Forest University Health Center, Winston-Salem, NC (W.G.H.); Division of Cardiology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA (J.K.M.); Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (D.M.L.-J.); Division of General Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine and Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (R.G.B.); Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA (M.J. Budoff); Center for Wellness and Prevention, and Miami Cardiovascular Institute (MCVI), Baptist Health South Florida, Miami (K.N.); and Department of Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, and Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami (K.N.).
Joao A C LimaFrom the Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease (J.W.M., M.J. Blaha, A.P.D., R.S.B., K.N.) and Division of Cardiology (J.A.C.L.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Division of Cardiology, Rudd Heart and Lung Center, University of Louisville, KY (A.P.D.); Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (D.A.B.); Division of Cardiology, Wake Forest University Health Center, Winston-Salem, NC (W.G.H.); Division of Cardiology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA (J.K.M.); Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (D.M.L.-J.); Division of General Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine and Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (R.G.B.); Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA (M.J. Budoff); Center for Wellness and Prevention, and Miami Cardiovascular Institute (MCVI), Baptist Health South Florida, Miami (K.N.); and Department of Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, and Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami (K.N.).
David A BluemkeFrom the Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease (J.W.M., M.J. Blaha, A.P.D., R.S.B., K.N.) and Division of Cardiology (J.A.C.L.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Division of Cardiology, Rudd Heart and Lung Center, University of Louisville, KY (A.P.D.); Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (D.A.B.); Division of Cardiology, Wake Forest University Health Center, Winston-Salem, NC (W.G.H.); Division of Cardiology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA (J.K.M.); Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (D.M.L.-J.); Division of General Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine and Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (R.G.B.); Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA (M.J. Budoff); Center for Wellness and Prevention, and Miami Cardiovascular Institute (MCVI), Baptist Health South Florida, Miami (K.N.); and Department of Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, and Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami (K.N.).
W Gregory HundleyFrom the Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease (J.W.M., M.J. Blaha, A.P.D., R.S.B., K.N.) and Division of Cardiology (J.A.C.L.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Division of Cardiology, Rudd Heart and Lung Center, University of Louisville, KY (A.P.D.); Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (D.A.B.); Division of Cardiology, Wake Forest University Health Center, Winston-Salem, NC (W.G.H.); Division of Cardiology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA (J.K.M.); Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (D.M.L.-J.); Division of General Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine and Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (R.G.B.); Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA (M.J. Budoff); Center for Wellness and Prevention, and Miami Cardiovascular Institute (MCVI), Baptist Health South Florida, Miami (K.N.); and Department of Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, and Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami (K.N.).
James K MinFrom the Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease (J.W.M., M.J. Blaha, A.P.D., R.S.B., K.N.) and Division of Cardiology (J.A.C.L.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Division of Cardiology, Rudd Heart and Lung Center, University of Louisville, KY (A.P.D.); Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (D.A.B.); Division of Cardiology, Wake Forest University Health Center, Winston-Salem, NC (W.G.H.); Division of Cardiology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA (J.K.M.); Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (D.M.L.-J.); Division of General Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine and Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (R.G.B.); Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA (M.J. Budoff); Center for Wellness and Prevention, and Miami Cardiovascular Institute (MCVI), Baptist Health South Florida, Miami (K.N.); and Department of Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, and Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami (K.N.).
Leslee J ShawFrom the Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease (J.W.M., M.J. Blaha, A.P.D., R.S.B., K.N.) and Division of Cardiology (J.A.C.L.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Division of Cardiology, Rudd Heart and Lung Center, University of Louisville, KY (A.P.D.); Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (D.A.B.); Division of Cardiology, Wake Forest University Health Center, Winston-Salem, NC (W.G.H.); Division of Cardiology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA (J.K.M.); Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (D.M.L.-J.); Division of General Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine and Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (R.G.B.); Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA (M.J. Budoff); Center for Wellness and Prevention, and Miami Cardiovascular Institute (MCVI), Baptist Health South Florida, Miami (K.N.); and Department of Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, and Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami (K.N.).
Donald M Lloyd-JonesFrom the Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease (J.W.M., M.J. Blaha, A.P.D., R.S.B., K.N.) and Division of Cardiology (J.A.C.L.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Division of Cardiology, Rudd Heart and Lung Center, University of Louisville, KY (A.P.D.); Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (D.A.B.); Division of Cardiology, Wake Forest University Health Center, Winston-Salem, NC (W.G.H.); Division of Cardiology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA (J.K.M.); Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (D.M.L.-J.); Division of General Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine and Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (R.G.B.); Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA (M.J. Budoff); Center for Wellness and Prevention, and Miami Cardiovascular Institute (MCVI), Baptist Health South Florida, Miami (K.N.); and Department of Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, and Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami (K.N.).
R Graham BarrFrom the Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease (J.W.M., M.J. Blaha, A.P.D., R.S.B., K.N.) and Division of Cardiology (J.A.C.L.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Division of Cardiology, Rudd Heart and Lung Center, University of Louisville, KY (A.P.D.); Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (D.A.B.); Division of Cardiology, Wake Forest University Health Center, Winston-Salem, NC (W.G.H.); Division of Cardiology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA (J.K.M.); Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (D.M.L.-J.); Division of General Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine and Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (R.G.B.); Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA (M.J. Budoff); Center for Wellness and Prevention, and Miami Cardiovascular Institute (MCVI), Baptist Health South Florida, Miami (K.N.); and Department of Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, and Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami (K.N.).
Matthew J BudoffFrom the Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease (J.W.M., M.J. Blaha, A.P.D., R.S.B., K.N.) and Division of Cardiology (J.A.C.L.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Division of Cardiology, Rudd Heart and Lung Center, University of Louisville, KY (A.P.D.); Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (D.A.B.); Division of Cardiology, Wake Forest University Health Center, Winston-Salem, NC (W.G.H.); Division of Cardiology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA (J.K.M.); Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (D.M.L.-J.); Division of General Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine and Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (R.G.B.); Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA (M.J. Budoff); Center for Wellness and Prevention, and Miami Cardiovascular Institute (MCVI), Baptist Health South Florida, Miami (K.N.); and Department of Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, and Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami (K.N.).
Roger S BlumenthalFrom the Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease (J.W.M., M.J. Blaha, A.P.D., R.S.B., K.N.) and Division of Cardiology (J.A.C.L.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Division of Cardiology, Rudd Heart and Lung Center, University of Louisville, KY (A.P.D.); Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (D.A.B.); Division of Cardiology, Wake Forest University Health Center, Winston-Salem, NC (W.G.H.); Division of Cardiology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA (J.K.M.); Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (D.M.L.-J.); Division of General Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine and Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (R.G.B.); Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA (M.J. Budoff); Center for Wellness and Prevention, and Miami Cardiovascular Institute (MCVI), Baptist Health South Florida, Miami (K.N.); and Department of Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, and Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami (K.N.).
Khurram NasirFrom the Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease (J.W.M., M.J. Blaha, A.P.D., R.S.B., K.N.) and Division of Cardiology (J.A.C.L.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Division of Cardiology, Rudd Heart and Lung Center, University of Louisville, KY (A.P.D.); Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (D.A.B.); Division of Cardiology, Wake Forest University Health Center, Winston-Salem, NC (W.G.H.); Division of Cardiology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA (J.K.M.); Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (D.M.L.-J.); Division of General Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine and Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (R.G.B.); Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA (M.J. Budoff); Center for Wellness and Prevention, and Miami Cardiovascular Institute (MCVI), Baptist Health South Florida, Miami (K.N.); and Department of Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, and Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami (K.N.). khurramn@baptisthealth.net.
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute · US
Funding
Research Training and Education Core (Core D) P50HL120163 · NHLBI · AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION · PI BHATNAGAR, ARUNI · 2013 to 2017
$20.1MConProject-006U54HL120163 · NHLBI · AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION · PI BHATNAGAR, ARUNI, ROBERTSON, ROSE MARIE · 2018 to 2022
$18.8MPulmonary microvascular perfusion in the Multi-Ethnic Study of AtherosclerosisR01HL077612 · NHLBI · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI R Graham BARR · 2004 to 2026
$18.8MMolecular Biomedical Imaging Laboratory (NIBIB)ZIAEB000072 · NIBIB · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF BIOMEDICAL IMAGING AND BIOENGINEERING · PI BLUEMKE, DAVID · 2010 to 2017
$5.0MAdjunctive Use of Apyrase to Fibrinolytic TherapyR44HL095169 · NHLBI · APT THERAPEUTICS, INC. · PI CHEN, RIDONG · 2012 to 2013
$1.3MSUBCLINICAL CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE STUDY-FIELD CENTERN01HC095162 · HC · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI SZKLO, MOYSES A · 1999 to 2000
$694kSUBCLINICAL CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE STUDY--FIELD CENTERN01HC095165 · HC · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY · PI BURKE, GREGORY L · 1999 to 2001
$616kLC-based Nitric Oxide Breath Monitor for Asthma ManagementR43HL095167 · NHLBI · PLATYPUS TECHNOLOGIES, LLC · PI SEN, AVIJIT · 2009 to 2010
$400kSUBCLINICAL CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE COORDINATING CENTER-N01HC95159-268095159N01HC095159 · HC · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI KRONMAL, RICHARD A · 1999 to 2006
$304kAdjunctive Use of Apyrase to Fibrinolytic TherapyR43HL095169 · NHLBI · APT THERAPEUTICS, INC. · PI CHEN, RIDONG · 2009 to 2009
$226kSUBCLINICAL CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE STUDY--EBCT READINGN01HC095169 · HC · LA BIOMED RES INST/ HARBOR UCLA MED CTR · PI DETRANO, ROBERT · 1999 to 2001
$124kSUBCLINICAL CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE STUDY-ULTRASOUNDN01HC095167 · HC · TUFTS MEDICAL CENTER · PI O'LEARY, DANIEL H. · 1999 to 2001
$62kNHLBI NIH HHS 1 P50 HL120163-01NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095159NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095162NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095167NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095169NHLBI NIH HHS N01-HC-95159NHLBI NIH HHS N01-HC-95167NHLBI NIH HHS N01-HC-95169NHLBI NIH HHS P50 HL120163NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL077612NHLBI NIH HHS R01-HL077612NHLBI NIH HHS U54 HL120163
Abstract
objectivesTo examine the contemporary effect of smoking in a multiethnic sample, and to explore the respective contributions of inflammation and subclinical atherosclerosis to the cardiovascular consequences of smoking. APPROACH AND
resultsWe studied 6814 participants free of cardiovascular disease and coronary heart disease (CHD) from the Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Smoking status and cumulative exposure were determined by self-report and confirmed by urinary cotinine. Multivariable Cox regression was used to estimate the association between smoking parameters and all-cause cardiovascular disease, all-cause CHD, and hard CHD events. We further adjusted for high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and coronary artery calcium (CAC) in hierarchical Cox models. We identified 3218 never smokers, 2607 former smokers, and 971 current smokers. Median follow-up was 10.2 years. Compared with never smokers, adjusted hazard ratios in current smokers were 1.7 (95% confidence interval, 1.3-2.2) for all-cause cardiovascular disease, 1.6 (1.1-2.1) for all-cause CHD, and 1.7 (1.2-2.4) for hard CHD. Similarly, among current smokers, hazard ratios were higher in the 4th versus 1st quartile of pack-years (eg, all-cause CHD hazard ratio=2.7 [1.1-6.6]). Both CAC>100 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ≥3 mg/L identified higher relative risk among current smokers (eg, all-cause CHD hazard ratio of 3.0 [1.5-6.0, compared with CAC=0] and 2.6 [1.4-4.8, compared with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein <2 mg/L], respectively). However, CAC was a stronger mediator of events and adversely modified the effect of smoking on events (eg, P-interaction=0.02 for hard CHD). Compared with never smokers, former smokers (median cessation interval=22 years) had similar adjusted hazard for events.
conclusionsIn this multiethnic cohort, current smoking and cumulative exposure remain important modifiable determinants of cardiovascular disease. Both high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ≥3 mg/L and, particularly, CAC>100 identified high-risk smokers who may benefit from more intensive smoking-cessation efforts.
Indexed as
AgedAged, 80 and overAsymptomatic DiseasesAtherosclerosisBiomarkersCerebrovascular DisordersChi-Square DistributionCoronary DiseaseC-Reactive ProteinDisease-Free SurvivalFemaleHumansInflammationInflammation MediatorsKaplan-Meier EstimateMaleBiomarkersC-Reactive ProteinInflammation Mediatorscoronary artery diseaseinflammationsmoking
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