ArticleOsteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA2015
Does fetal smoke exposure affect childhood bone mass? The Generation R Study.
Article in Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Association between maternal smoking and child bone mineral density: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2020Pooled it
- Linear growth and relative weight gain in childhood and bone mass in adolescence: findings from the Pelotas (Brazil) 2004 birth cohort.Archives of osteoporosis · 2022Article
- Review
- Association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and risk of bone fractures in offspring: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical and experimental pediatrics · 2021Article
- The low-expression programming of 11β-HSD2 mediates osteoporosis susceptibility induced by prenatal caffeine exposure in male offspring rats.British journal of pharmacology · 2020Article
- Maternal smoking during pregnancy and fractures in offspring: national register based sibling comparison study.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2020Article
- Association of Ambient and Household Air Pollution With Bone Mineral Content Among Adults in Peri-urban South India.JAMA network open · 2020Article
- Associations of Prenatal Exposure to Cadmium With Child Growth, Obesity, and Cardiometabolic Traits.American journal of epidemiology · 2019Article
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5 authors.
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Abstract
unlabelledWe assessed the intrauterine influence of maternal smoking on childhood bone mass by comparing parental prenatal and postnatal smoking habits. We observed higher bone mass in children exposed to maternal smoking, explained by higher body weight. Maternal smoking or related lifestyle factors may affect childhood weight gain rather than skeletal growth.
introductionMaternal smoking during pregnancy may adversely affect bone health in later life. By comparing the associations of maternal and paternal smoking and of prenatal and postnatal exposure with childhood bone measures, we aimed to explore whether the suggested association could be explained by fetal programming or reflects confounding by familial factors.
methodsIn 5565 mothers, fathers and children participating in a population-based prospective cohort study, parental smoking habits during pregnancy and current household smoking habits were assessed by postal questionnaires. Total body bone mineral content (BMC), bone area (BA) and bone mineral density (BMD) were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at the median age of 6.0 years (IQR 0.37).
resultsIn confounder-adjusted models, maternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with a higher BMC of 11.6 g (95 % confidence interval (CI) 5.6, 17.5), a larger BA of 9.7 cm(2) (95 % CI 3.0, 16.4), a higher BMD of 6.7 g/cm(2) (95 % CI 2.4, 11.0) and a higher BMC of 5.4 g (95 % CI 1.3, 9.6) adjusted for BA of the child. Current weight turned out to mediate these associations. Among mothers who did not smoke, paternal smoking did not show evident associations with childhood bone measures. Also, household smoking practices during childhood were not associated with childhood bone measures.
conclusionsOur results do not support the hypothesis of fetal smoke exposure affecting childhood bone mass via intrauterine mechanisms. Maternal smoking or related lifestyle factors may affect childhood weight gain rather than skeletal growth.
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