SynthesisOsteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA2015
The effect of supplementation with alkaline potassium salts on bone metabolism: a meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02731820 (Efficacy of Potassium Citrate in the Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteopenia. A Randomized, Placebo-controlled, Double Blind Investigation.), which is not on this map. Cited by 30 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Efficacy of Potassium Citrate in the Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteopenia. A Randomized, Placebo-controlled, Double Blind Investigation.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Potassium Citrate Supplementation on Bone Turnover Markers in Postmenopausal Women: A GRADE-Assessed Systematic Review, Meta-analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis.Calcified tissue international · 2026Pooled it
- [Exercise therapy and basic treatment for osteoporosis].Orthopadie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2023Guideline
- Effect of Acid or Base Interventions on Bone Health: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2021Pooled it
- Association between Dietary Patterns of Meat and Fish Consumption with Bone Mineral Density or Fracture Risk: A Systematic Literature.Nutrients · 2017Pooled it
- Trial
- Trial
- The Association of Bone-related Biomarkers With Incident Hip Fracture: A Nested Case-control Study.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2025Article
- Schottky engineering of GDYO@Pt to boost piezoelectric and oxidative stress modulation for accelerated cranial regeneration.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Potassium Intake and Bone Health: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2024Review
- How do carbohydrate quality indices influence on bone mass density in postmenopausal women? A case-control study.BMC women's health · 2023Article
- Bone fragility during the COVID-19 pandemic: the role of macro- and micronutrients.Therapeutic advances in musculoskeletal disease · 2023Review
- Association between Healthy Eating Index-2015 total and component food scores with osteoporosis in middle-aged and older Americans: a cross-sectional study with U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2022Article
- Healthy plant-based diet index as a determinant of bone mineral density in osteoporotic postmenopausal women: A case-control study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- Effect of Alkaline Drinking Water on Bone Density of Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis.Journal of menopausal medicine · 2021Article
- Should pediatric idiopathic hypercalciuria be treated with hypocalciuric agents?World journal of nephrology · 2021Article
- Downregulation of the Proton-Activated Cl- Channel TMEM206 Inhibits Malignant Properties of Human Osteosarcoma Cells.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2021Article
- Citrate Supplementation Restores the Impaired Mineralisation Resulting from the Acidic Microenvironment: An In Vitro Study.Nutrients · 2020Article
- Unravelling the Effect of Citrate on the Features and Biocompatibility of Magnesium Phosphate-Based Bone Cements.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2020Article
- Relationship between heavy metal accumulation and histological alterations in voles from alpine and forest habitats of the West Carpathians.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2020Article
- Nutrients and Dietary Patterns Related to Osteoporosis.Nutrients · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
unlabelledThe role of acid-base metabolism in bone health is controversial. In this meta-analysis, potassium bicarbonate and potassium citrate lowered urinary calcium and acid excretion and reduced the excretion of the bone resorption marker NTX. These salts may thus be beneficial to bone health by conserving bone mineral.
introductionThe role of acid-base homeostasis as a determinant of bone health and the contribution of supplemental alkali in promoting skeletal integrity remain a subject of debate. The objective of this study was, therefore, to conduct a meta-analysis to assess the effects of supplemental potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3) and potassium citrate (KCitr) on urinary calcium and acid excretion, markers of bone turnover and bone mineral density (BMD) and to compare their effects with that of potassium chloride (KCl).
methodsA total of 14 studies of the effect of alkaline potassium salts on calcium metabolism and bone health, identified by a systematic literature search, were analysed with Review Manager (Version 5; The Cochrane Collaboration) using a random-effects model. Authors were contacted to provide missing data as required. Results are presented as the standardised (SMD) or unstandardized mean difference (MD) (95 % confidence intervals).
resultsUrinary calcium excretion was lowered by intervention with both KHCO3 (P = 0.04) and KCitr (P = 0.01), as was net acid excretion (NAE) (P = 0.002 for KHCO3 and P = 0.0008 for KCitr). Both salts significantly lowered the bone resorption marker NTX (P < 0.00001). There was no effect on bone formation markers or BMD. KHCO3 and KCitr lowered calcium excretion to a greater extent than did KCl.
conclusionsThis meta-analysis confirms that supplementation with alkaline potassium salts leads to significant reduction in renal calcium excretion and acid excretion, compatible with the concept of increased buffering of hydrogen ions by raised circulating bicarbonate. The observed reduction in bone resorption indicates a potential benefit to bone health.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.