ReviewNature reviews. Cancer2014
The TAM family: phosphatidylserine sensing receptor tyrosine kinases gone awry in cancer.
Review in Nature reviews. Cancer, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 447 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
447 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 683 citations in OpenAlex.
- Updated systematic review and network meta-analysis of first-line treatments for metastatic renal cell carcinoma with extended follow-up data.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2024Pooled it
- Cabozantinib and atezolizumab for recurrent or metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after platinum-based chemotherapy failure: a single-arm phase II study and biomarker analysis.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Trial
- Sitravatinib plus tislelizumab in locally recurrent or metastatic triple-negative breast cancer: a multi-cohort, single-arm, phase II clinical trial (SPARK Trial).Molecular cancer · 2025Trial
- MRTX-500 Phase 2 Trial: Sitravatinib With Nivolumab in Patients With Nonsquamous NSCLC Progressing On or After Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy or Chemotherapy.Journal of thoracic oncology : official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer · 2023Trial
- Structural organization of TAM receptor ectodomains.The Biochemical journal · 2026Article
- Fc-Dependent Targeting of the GAS6-MERTK Axis With Monoclonal and Bispecific Antibodies Overcomes Drug Resistance Across EGFR Mutations in Exons 19, 20, and 21.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Review
- MERTK inhibition cooperates with immunomodulatory cyclophosphamide to induce CXCL9⁺ monocyte-macrophage programming and durable antitumor immunity in triple negative breast cancer.Cancer immunology research · 2026Article
- Protein S: a vitamin K-dependent factor bridging haemostasis, tissue homeostasis and cancer.The Biochemical journal · 2026Review
- Single-Cell RNA-Sequencing Reveals Tumor Microenvironment Composition and Prior Therapy Modulate Response to Axl Inhibition.Cellular and molecular bioengineering · 2026Article
- An AI-enabled structural atlas decodes kinase specificity across the human proteome.Nature biotechnology · 2026Article
- AXL phosphosite mapping links FAK1 and YAP1 signaling to erlotinib resistance in EGFR-mutant lung cancer.Cell reports · 2026Article
- Osimertinib Resistance in EGFR-Mutated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies.MedComm · 2026Review
- Dual-Targeting Strategy in Cancer Therapy: The Emerging Role of Pyrrolopyrimidine Scaffolds.Chemistry & biodiversity · 2026Review
- Targeting TYRO3 attenuates apoptotic cell-driven cancer stemness in triple negative breast cancer.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Article
- AXL-SHC1 signaling axis mediates adaptive resistance to HER2-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors in HER2-aberrant lung and gastric cancers.NPJ precision oncology · 2026Article
- Super-Enhancer-Driven SOX4/SMAD3 Mediate Membrane Remodeling by Regulating Phospholipid Metabolism to Accelerate Leukemia Progression.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Review
- MERTK inhibition cooperates with immunomodulatory cyclophosphamide to induce CXCL9bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The double-positive cells in the tumor microenvironment.Journal of translational internal medicine · 2026Article
387 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The TYRO3, AXL (also known as UFO) and MERTK (TAM) family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are aberrantly expressed in multiple haematological and epithelial malignancies. Rather than functioning as oncogenic drivers, their induction in tumour cells predominately promotes survival, chemoresistance and motility. The unique mode of maximal activation of this RTK family requires an extracellular lipid–protein complex. For example, the protein ligand, growth arrest-specific protein 6 (GAS6), binds to phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) that is externalized on apoptotic cell membranes, which activates MERTK on macrophages. This triggers engulfment of apoptotic material and subsequent anti-inflammatory macrophage polarization. In tumours, autocrine and paracrine ligands and apoptotic cells are abundant, which provide a survival signal to the tumour cell and favour an anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive microenvironment. Thus, TAM kinase inhibition could stimulate antitumour immunity, reduce tumour cell survival, enhance chemosensitivity and diminish metastatic potential.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.