ArticleMolecular biology and evolution2015
Rates of vaccine evolution show strong effects of latency: implications for varicella zoster virus epidemiology.
Article in Molecular biology and evolution, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Varicella zoster virus and the central nervous system.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- A human sensory neuron model for varicella-zoster virus latency and reactivationbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Elevated genetic risk for multiple sclerosis emerged in steppe pastoralist populations.Nature · 2024Article
- An Adagio for Viruses, Played Out on Ancient DNA.Genome biology and evolution · 2023Review
- Ancient herpes simplex 1 genomes reveal recent viral structure in Eurasia.Science advances · 2022Article
- Review
- Genetic changes in plaque-purified varicella vaccine strain Suduvax during in vitro propagation in cell culture.Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea) · 2021Article
- Human Herpesvirus Sequencing in the Genomic Era: The Growing Ranks of the Herpetic Legion.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- Towards a multi-level and a multi-disciplinary approach to DNA oncovirus virulence.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2019Article
- High Viral Diversity and Mixed Infections in Cerebral Spinal Fluid From Cases of Varicella Zoster Virus Encephalitis.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2018Article
- Epidemiological and genomic determinants of tuberculosis outbreaks in First Nations communities in Canada.BMC medicine · 2018Article
- Molecular Aspects of Varicella-Zoster Virus Latency.Viruses · 2018Review
- Genetic diversity of equine herpesvirus 1 isolated from neurological, abortigenic and respiratory disease outbreaks.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2018Article
- Varicella and herpes zoster vaccine development: lessons learned.Expert review of vaccines · 2017Review
- Targeted Genome Sequencing Reveals Varicella-Zoster Virus Open Reading Frame 12 Deletion.Journal of virology · 2017Article
- Why Human Papillomavirus Acute Infections Matter.Viruses · 2017Review
- Impact of Type I Interferon on the Safety and Immunogenicity of an Experimental Live-Attenuated Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Vaccine in Mice.Journal of virology · 2017Article
- Article
- Enzymatic Digestion Pattern of Varicella Zoster Virus ORF38 and ORF54 in Chickenpox Patients Using RFLP Technique.Iranian journal of pathology · 2016Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) causes chickenpox and shingles, and is found in human populations worldwide. The lack of temporal signal in the diversity of VZV makes substitution rate estimates unreliable, which is a barrier to understanding the context of its global spread. Here, we estimate rates of evolution by studying live attenuated vaccines, which evolved in 22 vaccinated patients for known periods of time, sometimes, but not always undergoing latency. We show that the attenuated virus evolves rapidly (∼ 10(-6) substitutions/site/day), but that rates decrease dramatically when the virus undergoes latency. These data are best explained by a model in which viral populations evolve for around 13 days before becoming latent, but then undergo no replication during latency. This implies that rates of viral evolution will depend strongly on transmission patterns. Nevertheless, we show that implausibly long latency periods are required to date the most recent common ancestor of extant VZV to an "out-of-Africa" migration with humans, as has been previously suggested.
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