Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25567852›Full record

ArticleEvolutionary applications2009

Why do adaptive immune responses cross-react?

Karen J Fairlie-Clarke, David M Shuker, Andrea L Graham

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Evolutionary applications, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Bet-hedging in innate and adaptive immune systems.Evolution, medicine, and public health · 2022
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Editorial: 2009 in review.Evolutionary applications · 2010
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Editorial: evolutionary medicine special issue.Evolutionary applications · 2009
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Karen J Fairlie-ClarkeInstitutes of Evolution, Immunology & Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories King's Buildings, Edinburgh, UK.
David M ShukerInstitutes of Evolution, Immunology & Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories King's Buildings, Edinburgh, UK.
Andrea L GrahamInstitutes of Evolution, Immunology & Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories King's Buildings, Edinburgh, UK.

Funding

Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Antigen specificity of adaptive immune responses is often in the host's best interests, but with important and as yet unpredictable exceptions. For example, antibodies that bind to multiple flaviviral or malarial species can provide hosts with simultaneous protection against many parasite genotypes. Vaccinology often aims to harness such imprecision, because cross-reactive antibodies might provide broad-spectrum protection in the face of antigenic variation by parasites. However, the causes of cross-reactivity among immune responses are not always known, and here, we explore potential proximate and evolutionary explanations for cross-reactivity. We particularly consider whether cross-reactivity is the result of constraints on the ability of the immune system to process information about the world of antigens, or whether an intermediate level of cross-reactivity may instead represent an evolutionary optimum. We conclude with a series of open questions for future interdisciplinary research, including the suggestion that the evolutionary ecology of information processing might benefit from close examination of immunological data.

Indexed as

heterologous immunityinformation processingoptimal discriminationoptimal immunology

Identifiers

PMID25567852
PMCPMC3352416

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.