ArticleEnvironmental health : a global access science source2015
Temperature, ozone, and mortality in urban and non-urban counties in the northeastern United States.
Article in Environmental health : a global access science source, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Global Health Impacts for Economic Models of Climate Change: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2022Pooled it
- Short- and intermediate-term exposure to NOEnvironmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) · 2020Pooled it
- Assessing Heat-Related Mortality Risks among Rural Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Epidemiological Evidence.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Pooled it
- Heterogeneity in the Relationship between Disinfection By-Products in Drinking Water and Cancer: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Pooled it
- Occupational characteristics are missing from heat vulnerability indices: a study in New York and New Jersey.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2026Article
- Metrics of Urbanicity and Rurality in US-Based Epidemiologic Studies of Ambient Temperature and Health: A Scoping Review.Current environmental health reports · 2025Article
- Short-term ozone exposure on stroke mortality and mitigation by greenness in rural and urban areas of Shandong Province, China.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Exploring vulnerability to heat and cold across urban and rural populations in Switzerland.Environmental research, health : ERH · 2023Article
- Influence of Urbanization on the Spatial Distribution of Associations Between Air Pollution and Mortality in Beijing, China.GeoHealth · 2023Article
- Article
- Extreme Temperature and Mortality by Educational Attainment in Spain, 2012-2018.European journal of population = Revue europeenne de demographie · 2022Article
- Machine-Learning-Based Near-Surface Ozone Forecasting Model with Planetary Boundary Layer Information.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Article
- Global burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease attributable to ambient ozone in 204 countries and territories during 1990-2019.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2022Article
- The Role of Temperature in Modifying the Risk of Ozone-Attributable Mortality under Future Changes in Climate: A Proof-of-Concept Analysis.Environmental science & technology · 2022Article
- Temperature-mortality relationship in North Carolina, USA: Regional and urban-rural differences.The Science of the total environment · 2021Article
- Factors That Influence Climate Change-Related Mortality in the United States: An Integrative Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Review
- Spatial variation in the joint effect of extreme heat events and ozone on respiratory hospitalizations in California.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Socioeconomic level and associations between heat exposure and all-cause and cause-specific hospitalization in 1,814 Brazilian cities: A nationwide case-crossover study.PLoS medicine · 2020Article
- Short term association between ozone and mortality: global two stage time series study in 406 locations in 20 countries.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMost health effects studies of ozone and temperature have been performed in urban areas, due to the available monitoring data. We used observed and interpolated data to examine temperature, ozone, and mortality in 91 urban and non-urban counties.
methodsOzone measurements were extracted from the Environmental Protection Agency's Air Quality System. Meteorological data were supplied by the National Center for Atmospheric Research. Observed data were spatially interpolated to county centroids. Daily internal-cause mortality counts were obtained from the National Center for Health Statistics (1988-1999). A two-stage Bayesian hierarchical model was used to estimate each county's increase in mortality risk from temperature and ozone. We examined county-level associations according to population density and compared urban (≥1,000 persons/mile(2)) to non-urban (<1,000 persons/mile(2)) counties. Finally, we examined county-level characteristics that could explain variation in associations by county.
resultsA 10 ppb increase in ozone was associated with a 0.45% increase in mortality (95% PI: 0.08, 0.83) in urban counties, while this same increase in ozone was associated with a 0.73% increase (95% PI: 0.19, 1.26) in non-urban counties. An increase in temperature from 70°F to 90°F (21.2°C 32.2°C) was associated with a 8.88% increase in mortality (95% PI: 7.38, 10.41) in urban counties and a 8.08% increase (95% PI: 6.16, 10.05) in non-urban counties. County characteristics, such as population density, percentage of families living in poverty, and percentage of elderly residents, partially explained the variation in county-level associations.
conclusionsWhile most prior studies of ozone and temperature have been performed in urban areas, the impacts in non-urban areas are significant, and, for ozone, potentially greater. The health risks of increasing temperature and air pollution brought on by climate change are not limited to urban areas.
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