ReviewNeurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics2015
Protective and Toxic Neuroinflammation in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.
Review in Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 151 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
151 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 268 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuroinflammation and Oxidative Stress in SOD1 Animal Models of ALS: A Meta-analysis Study of Their Effects on Disease Onset and Progression.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Pooled it
- Chitinases as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Pooled it
- Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Perspectives of Oxidative Stress and Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Narrative Review.Advances in therapy · 2020Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of Genetic Modifiers Reveals Candidate Dysregulated Pathways in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.Neuroscience · 2019Pooled it
- Phase 2B randomized controlled trial of NP001 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Pre-specified and post hoc analyses.Muscle & nerve · 2022Trial
- Serum C-Reactive Protein as a Prognostic Biomarker in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.JAMA neurology · 2017Trial
- Lateral sclerosis in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is an upper motor neuron distal axonopathy ("dying back"): a clinical-neuropathological study.Acta neuropathologica · 2026Article
- Neuroinflammation and Graft Survival in Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Therapies for the Central Nervous System.Journal of neurochemistry · 2026Review
- Decoding Neuroinflammatory Pathways: The Role of the CXCL12-CXCR4/CXCR7 Axis in ALS-Related Cognitive Impairment.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Immune imbalance between T helper 1, T helper 17 and regulatory T cells fuels amyotrophic lateral sclerosis pathogenesis: disease trajectory, diagnosis and therapeutic implications.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- Spatiotemporal Dynamics and Cellular States of Neuroinflammation in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Implications for Stage‑Specific Therapeutics.ASN neuro · 2026Review
- Roles of IL-34 in neurological diseases: neuroprotection, inflammatory regulation, and myeloid plasticity.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The mCells · 2025Review
- Is TREM2 a Stretch: Implications of TREM2 Along Spinal Cord Circuits in Health, Aging, Injury, and Disease.Cells · 2025Review
- Glycosylation in neuroinflammation: mechanisms, implications, and therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative diseases.Translational neurodegeneration · 2025Review
- Emerging anti-inflammatory nanosystems targeted to the brain.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2025Review
- Early immune system changes in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis correlate with later disease progression.Med (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Aging and chronic inflammation: impacts on olfactory dysfunction-a comprehensive review.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2025Review
- Restoring Homeostasis: Treating Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis by Resolving Dynamic Regulatory Instability.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Circulating Levels of T-Cell Traits and the Risk of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Mendelian Randomization Study.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Article
91 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a clinically heterogeneous disorder characterized by loss of motor neurons, resulting in paralysis and death. Multiple mechanisms of motor neuron injury have been implicated based upon the more than 20 different genetic causes of familial ALS. These inherited mutations compromise diverse motor neuron pathways leading to cell-autonomous injury. In the ALS transgenic mouse models, however, motor neurons do not die alone. Cell death is noncell-autonomous dependent upon a well orchestrated dialogue between motor neurons and surrounding glia and adaptive immune cells. The pathogenesis of ALS consists of 2 stages: an early neuroprotective stage and a later neurotoxic stage. During early phases of disease progression, the immune system is protective with glia and T cells, especially M2 macrophages/microglia, and T helper 2 cells and regulatory T cells, providing anti-inflammatory factors that sustain motor neuron viability. As the disease progresses and motor neuron injury accelerates, a second rapidly progressing phase develops, characterized by M1 macrophages/microglia, and proinflammatory T cells. In rapidly progressing ALS patients, as in transgenic mice, neuroprotective regulatory T cells are significantly decreased and neurotoxicity predominates. Our own therapeutic efforts are focused on modulating these neuroinflammatory pathways. This review will focus on the cellular players involved in neuroinflammation in ALS and current therapeutic strategies to enhance neuroprotection and suppress neurotoxicity with the goal of arresting the progressive and devastating nature of ALS.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.