Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25564144›Full record

SynthesisBMJ open2015

Long-term prognosis after acute kidney injury (AKI): what is the role of baseline kidney function and recovery? A systematic review.

Simon Sawhney, Mhairi Mitchell, Angharad Marks, Nick Fluck, Corrinda Black

Erratum issued Registry-linked trialAbstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMJ open, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT06051708 (Risk Factors And Outcomes Of Hospital Acquired Acute Kidney Injury), which is not on this map. Cited by 98 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
98citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06051708 completednot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

Risk Factors And Outcomes Of Hospital Acquired Acute Kidney Injury: A Tertiary Health Care Center Experience

TypeobservationalSponsorAlexandria UniversityRan2023 to 2024Enrolled160ConditionsAKI - Acute Kidney InjuryArmsstandard AKI care bundle, standard care for hospitalized patients
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

98 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Guideline
  4. Guideline
  5. Effects of Intensive Blood Pressure Treatment on Acute Kidney Injury Events in the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT).American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · 2018
    Trial
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  7. Review
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  13. Review
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38 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Simon SawhneyDivision of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK Renal Unit, Ward 108 Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK.
Mhairi MitchellDivision of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
Angharad MarksDivision of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK Renal Unit, Ward 108 Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK.
Nick FluckRenal Unit, Ward 108 Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK.
Corrinda BlackDivision of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.

Funding

Medical Research Council MR/K007017/1Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust 102729/Z/13/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo summarise the evidence from studies of acute kidney injury (AKI) with regard to the effect of pre-AKI renal function and post-AKI renal function recovery on long-term mortality and renal outcomes, and to assess whether these factors should be taken into account in future prognostic studies. DESIGN/

settingA systematic review of observational studies listed in Medline and EMBASE from 1990 to October 2012.

participantsAll AKI studies in adults with data on baseline kidney function to identify AKI; with outcomes either stratified by pre-AKI and/or post-AKI kidney function, or described by the timing of the outcomes. OUTCOMES: Long-term mortality and worsening chronic kidney disease (CKD).

resultsOf 7385 citations, few studies met inclusion criteria, reported baseline kidney function and stratified by pre-AKI or post-AKI function. For mortality outcomes, three studies compared patients by pre-AKI renal function and six by post-AKI function. For CKD outcomes, two studies compared patients by pre-AKI function and two by post-AKI function. The presence of CKD pre-AKI (compared with AKI alone) was associated with doubling of mortality and a fourfold to fivefold increase in CKD outcomes. Non-recovery of kidney function was associated with greater mortality and CKD outcomes in some studies, but findings were inconsistent varying with study design. Two studies also reported that risk of poor outcome reduced over time post-AKI. Meta-analysis was precluded by variations in definitions for AKI, CKD and recovery.

conclusionsThe long-term prognosis after AKI varies depending on cause and clinical setting, but it may also, in part, be explained by underlying pre-AKI and post-AKI renal function rather than the AKI episode itself. While carefully considered in clinical practice, few studies address these factors and with inconsistent study design. Future AKI studies should report pre-AKI and post-AKI function consistently as additional factors that may modify AKI prognosis.

Indexed as

Acute Kidney InjuryHumansKidneyObservational Studies as TopicPrognosisRecovery of FunctionRisk FactorsSeverity of Illness IndexTimeEPIDEMIOLOGYPUBLIC HEALTH

Identifiers

PMID25564144
PMCPMC4289733

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.