ReviewCurrent opinion in organ transplantation2015
Chronic allograft rejection: a fresh look.
Review in Current opinion in organ transplantation, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Regulatory T cells in cardiac allograft vasculopathy: from mechanistic insights to clinical tolerance.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Neuropilin-2 functions as a coinhibitory receptor to regulate antigen-induced inflammation and allograft rejection.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Article
- Combination Automated Microfluidics Measurement of Urine C-C Motif Ligand 2, CXC-Motif Chemokine 9, CXC-Motif Chemokine 10, and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A for Monitoring Patients with a Kidney Transplant.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2025Article
- Interleukin-5 (IL-5) Therapy Prevents Allograft Rejection by Promoting CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Editorial: Beyond Histocompatibility - Understanding the Non-MHC Determinants Shaping Transplantation Outcome and Tolerance Induction.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Profiling circulating T follicular helper cells and their effects on B cells in post-cardiac transplant recipients.Annals of translational medicine · 2020Article
- Programmed Cell Death 1 (PD-1) Inhibitors in Renal Transplant Patients with Advanced Cancer: A Double-Edged Sword?International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Personalized Peptide Arrays for Detection of HLA Alloantibodies in Organ Transplantation.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2017Article
- Macrophage-stimulated microRNA expression in mural cells promotes transplantation-induced neointima formation.Oncotarget · 2017Article
- The intragraft microenvironment as a central determinant of chronic rejection or local immunoregulation/tolerance.Current opinion in organ transplantation · 2017Review
- The role of sildenafil in the development of transplant arteriosclerosis in rat aortic grafts.American journal of translational research · 2017Article
- Transplantology: Challenges for Today.Archivum immunologiae et therapiae experimentalis · 2016Review
- Translational implications of endothelial cell dysfunction in association with chronic allograft rejection.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purpose of reviewNew developments suggest that the graft itself and molecules expressed within the graft microenvironment dictate the phenotype and evolution of chronic rejection. RECENT
findingsOnce ischemia-reperfusion injury, cellular and humoral immune responses target the microvasculature, the associated local tissue hypoxia results in hypoxia-inducible factor 1α-dependent expression of pro-inflammatory and proangiogenic growth factors including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as a physiological response to injury. Local expression of VEGF can promote the recruitment of alloimune T cells into the graft. mTOR/Akt signaling within endothelial cells regulates cytokine- and alloantibody-induced activation and proliferation and their proinflammatory phenotype. Inhibition of mTOR and/or Akt results in an anti-inflammatory phenotype and enables the expression of coinhibitory molecules that limit local T cell reactivation and promotes immunoregulation. Semaphorin family molecules may bind to neuropilin-1 on regulatory T cell subsets to stabilize functional responses. Ligation of neuropilin-1 on Tregs also inhibits Akt-induced responses suggesting common theme for enhancing local immunoregulation and long-term graft survival. SUMMARY: Events within the graft initiated by mTOR/Akt-induced signaling promote the development of chronic rejection. Semaphorin-neuropilin biology represents a novel avenue for targeting this biology and warrants further investigation.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.