Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25563612›Full record

ReviewParasitology research2015

Old ingredients for a new recipe? Neem cake, a low-cost botanical by-product in the fight against mosquito-borne diseases.

Giovanni Benelli, Kadarkarai Murugan, Chellasamy Panneerselvam, Pari Madhiyazhagan, Barbara Conti, Marcello Nicoletti

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Parasitology research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
45citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
43.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

45 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 114 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Neem (Food science & nutrition · 2025
    Review
  3. Larvicidal Effects and Phytochemical Analysis of Myrrh,International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Mosquito oviposition deterrents.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2018
    Article
  13. Biological nanopesticides: a greener approach towards the mosquito vector control.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2018
    Article
  14. Enhanced larvicidal, antibacterial, and photocatalytic efficacy of TiOEnvironmental science and pollution research international · 2018
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Giovanni BenelliDepartment of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy, g.benelli@sssup.it.
Kadarkarai Murugan
Chellasamy Panneerselvam
Pari Madhiyazhagan
Barbara Conti
Marcello Nicoletti
Bharathiar University · INUniversity of Pisa · ITSapienza University of Rome · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) represent an important threat to millions of people worldwide, since they act as vectors for important pathogens, such as malaria, yellow fever, dengue and West Nile. Control programmes mainly rely on chemical treatments against larvae, indoor residual spraying and insecticide-treated bed nets. In recent years, huge efforts have been carried out to propose new eco-friendly alternatives, with a special focus on the evaluation of plant-borne mosquitocidal compounds. Major examples are neem-based products (Azadirachta indica A. Juss, Meliaceae) that have been proven as really effective against a huge range of pests of medical and veterinary importance, including mosquitoes. Recent research highlighted that neem cake, a cheap by-product from neem oil extraction, is an important source of mosquitocidal metabolites. In this review, we examined (i) the latest achievements about neem cake metabolomics with special reference to nor-terpenoid and related content; (ii) the neem cake ovicidal, larvicidal and pupicidal toxicity against Aedes, Anopheles and Culex mosquito vectors; (iii) its non-target effects against vertebrates; and (iv) its oviposition deterrence effects on mosquito females. Overall, neem cake can be proposed as an eco-friendly and low-cost source of chemicals to build newer and safer control tools against mosquito vectors.

Indexed as

AnimalsAzadirachtaCulicidaeFemaleGlyceridesInsecticidesLarvaOvipositionPlant ExtractsTerpenesGlyceridesInsecticidesneem oilPlant ExtractsTerpenes

Identifiers

PMID25563612
OpenAlexW1975590474

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.