ArticleIranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR2015
Time dependent antinociceptive effects of morphine and tramadol in the hot plate test: using different methods of drug administration in female rats.
Article in Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessing the efficacy of nanoparticles in reversing opioid poisoning and preventing renarcotization.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2025Review
- Dose-Dependent Interaction Between Caffeine and Morphine in Analgesia in the Hot-Plate in Mice.Addiction & health · 2025Article
- Understanding the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Pathogenesis of Arthritis Pain Using Animal Models.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Morphine and tramadol which have analgesic effects can be administered acutely or chronically. This study tried to investigate the effect of these drugs at various times by using different methods of administration (intraperitoneal, oral, acute and chronic). Sixty adult female rats were divided into six groups. They received saline, morphine or tramadol (20 to 125 mg/Kg) daily for 15 days. A hot plate test was performed for the rats at the 1(st), 8(th) and 15(th) days. After drug withdrawal, the hot plate test was repeated at the 17(th), 19(th), and 22(nd) days. There was a significant correlation between the day, drug, group, and their interaction (P<0.001). At 1(st) day (d1), both morphine, and tramadol caused an increase in the hot plate time comparing to the saline groups (P<0.001), while there was no correlation between drug administration methods of morphine and/or tramadol. At the 8(th) day (d8), morphine and tramadol led to the most powerful analgesic effect comparing to the other experimental days (P<0.001). At the 15(th) day (d15), their effects diminished comparing to the d8. After drug withdrawal, analgesic effect of morphine, and tramadol disappeared. It can be concluded that the analgesic effect of morphine and tramadol increases with the repeated use of them. Thereafter, it may gradually decrease and reach to a level compatible to d1. The present data also indicated that although the analgesic effect of morphine and tramadol is dose-and-time dependent, but chronic exposure to them may not lead to altered nociceptive responses later in life.
Indexed as
Identifiers
25561936PMC4277643W2111096735What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.