Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25560970›Full record

ReviewNature reviews. Molecular cell biology2015

Mechanisms of retinoic acid signalling and its roles in organ and limb development.

Thomas J Cunningham, Gregg Duester

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 361 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
361citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
24.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

361 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 591 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  6. Retinoic acid in health and disease.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026
    Review
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301 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Thomas J CunninghamDevelopment, Aging, and Regeneration Program, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, 10901 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
Gregg DuesterDevelopment, Aging, and Regeneration Program, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, 10901 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute · US

Funding

Generation of Retinoid Signals During DevelopmentR01GM062848 · NIGMS · SANFORD BURNHAM PREBYS MEDICAL DISCOVERY INSTITUTE · PI DUESTER, GREGG L · 2002 to 2015
$4.6M
Factors Regulating Development of Appendicular Skeletal ProgenitorsR01AR067731 · NIAMS · SANFORD BURNHAM PREBYS MEDICAL DISCOVERY INSTITUTE · PI DUESTER, GREGG L · 2015 to 2019
$2.1M
Factors Regulating Development of Appendicular Skeletal ProgenitorsR56AR067731 · NIAMS · SANFORD BURNHAM PREBYS MEDICAL DISCOVERY INSTITUTE · PI DUESTER, GREGG L · 2021 to 2021
$429k
NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR067731NIAMS NIH HHS R56 AR067731NIGMS NIH HHS GM062848NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM062848
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Retinoic acid (RA) signalling has a central role during vertebrate development. RA synthesized in specific locations regulates transcription by interacting with nuclear RA receptors (RARs) bound to RA response elements (RAREs) near target genes. RA was first implicated in signalling on the basis of its teratogenic effects on limb development. Genetic studies later revealed that endogenous RA promotes forelimb initiation by repressing fibroblast growth factor 8 (Fgf8). Insights into RA function in the limb serve as a paradigm for understanding how RA regulates other developmental processes. In vivo studies have identified RAREs that control repression of Fgf8 during body axis extension or activation of homeobox (Hox) genes and other key regulators during neuronal differentiation and organogenesis.

Indexed as

AnimalsBody PatterningExtremitiesFibroblast Growth Factor 8Gene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalHumansSignal TransductionTretinoinVertebratesFibroblast Growth Factor 8Tretinoin

Identifiers

PMID25560970
PMCPMC4636111
OpenAlexW1975805528

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.