SynthesisEuropean journal of neurology2015
Cognitive motor interference for gait and balance in stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in European journal of neurology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Increased dual-task interference during upper limb movements in stroke exceeding that found in aging - a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of dual tasks and dual-task training on postural stability: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical interventions in aging · 2017Pooled it
- The application of computerized quadrato motor training in enhancing balance and executive performance in stroke patients.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Dual-Task Obstacle Crossing Training Could Immediately Improve Ability to Control a Complex Motor Task and Cognitive Activity in Chronic Ambulatory Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury.Topics in spinal cord injury rehabilitation · 2019Trial
- Cortical hemodynamic responses in older stroke patients during a walking-based Stroop dual task: a functional near-infrared spectroscopy study.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- Effect of Dual-Task Training on the Number of EEG Bands in Stroke Patients.Physiotherapy research international : the journal for researchers and clinicians in physical therapy · 2025Article
- Scientometric Research and Critical Analysis of Gait and Balance in Older Adults.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Article
- Proprioceptive and Dual-Task Training: The Key of Stroke Rehabilitation, A Systematic Review.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2022Review
- Virtual Reality in Neurorehabilitation: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Design and Evaluation of an Augmented Reality-Based Exergame System to Reduce Fall Risk in the Elderly.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- The effects of anxiety and dual-task on upper limb motor control of chronic stroke survivors.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Design, Development, and Testing of an App for Dual-Task Assessment and Training Regarding Cognitive-Motor Interference (CMI-APP) in People With Multiple Sclerosis: Multicenter Pilot Study.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2020Article
- Symptom Clusters and Functional Impairment in Individuals Treated for Lyme Borreliosis.Frontiers in medicine · 2020Article
- Rehabilitation interventions for improving balance following stroke: An overview of systematic reviews.PloS one · 2019Review
- Constraints on perception of information from obstacles during foot clearance in people with chronic stroke.Experimental brain research · 2017Article
- Changes in Standing and Walking Performance Under Dual-Task Conditions Across the Lifespan.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
background and purposeAn increasing interest in the potential benefits of cognitive motor interference (CMI) for stroke has recently been observed, but the efficacy of CMI for gait and balance is controversial. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was performed to estimate the effect of CMI on gait and balance in patients with stroke.
methodsArticles in Medline, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CINAHL, PEDro and the China Biology Medicine disc were searched from 1970 to July 2014. Only randomized controlled trials examining the effects of CMI for patients with stroke were included, and no language restrictions were applied. Main outcome measures included gait and balance function.
resultsA total of 15 studies composed of 395 participants met the inclusion criteria, and 13 studies of 363 participants were used as data sources for the meta-analysis. Pooling revealed that CMI was superior to the control group for gait speed [mean difference (MD) 0.19 m/s, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.06, 0.31), P = 0.003], stride length [MD 12.53 cm, 95% CI (4.07, 20.99), P = 0.004], cadence [MD 10.44 steps/min, 95% CI (4.17, 16.71), P = 0.001], centre of pressure sway area [MD -1.05, 95% CI (-1.85, -0.26), P = 0.01] and Berg balance scale [MD 2.87, 95% CI (0.54, 5.21), P = 0.02] in the short term.
conclusionCognitive motor interference is effective for improving gait and balance function for stroke in the short term. However, only little evidence supports assumptions regarding CMI's long-term benefits.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.