ArticlePediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)2015
The RIVUR trial: a factual interpretation of our data.
Article in Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Long-term antibiotics for preventing recurrent urinary tract infection in children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Interventions for primary vesicoureteric reflux.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- The epidemiology of kidney and urinary tract infections in pediatric chronic kidney disease: prevalence, risk factors and association with GFR decline in the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children Study.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- Circumcision and continuous antibiotic prophylaxis in preventing recurrent febrile urinary tract infection in boys with high-grade vesicoureteral reflux.Jornal de pediatria · 2026Article
- An Atlas of Nomograms, Scoring Systems, and Predictive Tools to Guide Investigation or Management in Patients with Suspected or Confirmed Vesicoureteral Reflux: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Review
- Primary vesicoureteral reflux.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2024Review
- Epidemiology and Risk Factors of UTIs in Children-A Single-Center Observation.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Article
- The Assessment of the Usefulness of Selected Markers in the Diagnosis of Chronic Kidney Disease in Children.Biomarker insights · 2021Article
- Voiding urosonography and voiding cystourethrography in primary vesicoureteral reflux associated with mild prenatal hydronephrosis: a comparative study.Pediatric radiology · 2020Article
- Clinical Outcome of Children With Antenatally Diagnosed Hydronephrosis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
- Comment on
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) increases the risk of urinary tract infection (UTI) and renal scarring. Many prospective studies have evaluated the role of antimicrobial prophylaxis in the prevention of recurrent UTI and renal scarring in children with VUR. Of these, the RIVUR trial was the largest, randomized, placebo-controlled, double blind, multicenter study, involving 607 children aged 2-72 months with grade I-IV VUR and a first or second symptomatic UTI. The median age of children in the RIVUR trial was 12 months, 92% were female, 91% were randomized after a first UTI, 86% had a febrile index UTI, and 71 (56%) of 126 toilet-trained children had bladder bowel dysfunction. Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole reduced the risk of UTI recurrences by 50% (hazard ratio 0.50; 95% confidence interval 0.34-0.74) as compared to placebo. No significant difference was seen in renal scarring between the two groups. However, this does not invalidate the role of prophylaxis in preventing renal scars because RIVUR and other recent prospective studies were not designed to address renal scarring as a primary study endpoint. In view of the RIVUR Trial and other studies that showed similar results, albeit in selected groups of patients, the debate on antimicrobial prophylaxis should shift from "no prophylaxis" to "selective prophylaxis" in children with VUR.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.