Trial reportClinical and experimental immunology2015
Follicular T helper cells and humoral reactivity in kidney transplant patients.
Trial report in Clinical and experimental immunology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 110 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global research prospects and trends in TFH cells and tumors: a bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Repeated COVID-19 Vaccination Drives Memory T- and B-cell Responses in Kidney Transplant Recipients: Results From a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.Transplantation · 2024Trial
- The Number of Donor-Specific IL-21 Producing Cells Before and After Transplantation Predicts Kidney Graft Rejection.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Trial
- The Association of Pre-Transplant Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction (MLR) with the Function of the Kidney Allograft and Antibody Response.International journal of nephrology and renovascular disease · 2026Article
- BCL6 inhibition: a promising approach to prevent germinal center-driven allo-immune responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Characterization of peripheral immune cells in kidney transplantation recipients under different immunosuppressive treatments.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- The effects of interleukin-21 in the biology of transplant rejection.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Impaired SARS-CoV-2-specific responses via activated T follicular helper cells in immunocompromised kidney transplant recipients.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Deciphering the Complexity of the Immune Cell Landscape in Kidney Allograft Rejection.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2024Review
- Activation and Regulation of Indirect Alloresponses in Transplanted Patients With Donor Specific Antibodies and Chronic Rejection.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2024Review
- T follicular helper cells expansion in transplant recipients correlates with graft infiltration and adverse outcomes.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Heterogeneity of antibody-secreting cells infiltrating autoimmune tissues.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Immune surveillance and humoral immune responses in kidney transplantation - A look back at T follicular helper cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Small-molecule BCL6 inhibitor protects chronic cardiac transplant rejection and inhibits T follicular helper cell expansion and humoral response.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Article
- T cell depletion increases humoral response by favoring T follicular helper cells expansion.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2022Article
- Clinical and Molecular Profiling to Develop a Potential Prediction Model for the Response to Alemtuzumab Therapy for Acute Kidney Transplant Rejection.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2022Article
- Adaptive immune cell responses as therapeutic targets in antibody-mediated organ rejection.Trends in molecular medicine · 2022Review
- Longitudinal monitoring of mRNA levels of regulatory T cell biomarkers by using non-invasive strategies to predict outcome in renal transplantation.BMC nephrology · 2022Article
- The diagnostic role of PD-1Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2022Article
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Memory B cells play a pivotal role in alloreactivity in kidney transplantation. Follicular T helper (Tfh) cells play an important role in the differentiation of B cells into immunoglobulin-producing plasmablasts [through interleukin (IL)-21]. It is unclear to what extent this T cell subset regulates humoral alloreactivity in kidney transplant patients, therefore we investigated the absolute numbers and function of peripheral Tfh cells (CD4(POS) CXCR5(POS) T cells) in patients before and after transplantation. In addition, we studied their relationship with the presence of donor-specific anti-human leucocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies (DSA), and the presence of Tfh cells in rejection biopsies. After transplantation peripheral Tfh cell numbers remained stable, while their IL-21-producing capacity decreased under immunosuppression. When isolated after transplantation, peripheral Tfh cells still had the capacity to induce B cell differentiation and immunoglobulin production, which could be inhibited by an IL-21-receptor-antagonist. After transplantation the quantity of Tfh cells was the highest in patients with pre-existent DSA. In kidney biopsies taken during rejection, Tfh cells co-localized with B cells and immunoglobulins in follicular-like structures. Our data on Tfh cells in kidney transplantation demonstrate that Tfh cells may mediate humoral alloreactivity, which is also seen in the immunosuppressed milieu.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.