ReviewActa pharmacologica Sinica2015
The RAS-RAL axis in cancer: evidence for mutation-specific selectivity in non-small cell lung cancer.
Review in Acta pharmacologica Sinica, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeting the Ras-Ral Signaling Axis in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Dual-Modulation Approach to Correcting Insulin Resistance and β-Cell Dysfunction.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Upregulation of RAF and RalGDS gene expression by TGF-β in systemic sclerosis dermal fibroblasts: a controlled in vitro study.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Differential Response and Resistance to KRAS-Targeted Therapy.Molecular carcinogenesis · 2025Review
- MYC and KRAS cooperation: from historical challenges to therapeutic opportunities in cancer.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Regulation of Ras p21 and RalA GTPases activity by quinine in mammary epithelial cells.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2024Article
- Mediating kinase activity in Ras-mutant cancer: potential for an individualised approach?Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Identification of RAS-like oncoprotein B (RALB) as a potential prognostic and therapeutic target in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.American journal of translational research · 2024Article
- Breaking the 'Undruggable' Barrier: Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Immunotherapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients withCancers · 2023Review
- Clinical Relevance of Targeted Therapy and Immune-Checkpoint Inhibition in Lung Cancer.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Ral GTPase-activating protein regulates the malignancy of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.Cancer science · 2021Article
- Review
- First-line Chemotherapy Responsiveness and Patterns of Metastatic Spread Identify Clinical Syndromes Present Within Advanced KRAS Mutant Non-Small-cell Lung Cancer With Different Prognostic Significance.Clinical lung cancer · 2018Article
- TFAP2C promotes lung tumorigenesis and aggressiveness through miR-183- and miR-33a-mediated cell cycle regulation.Oncogene · 2017Article
- KRAS, NRAS and BRAF mutations in colorectal cancer and melanoma.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2017Review
- Single-molecule fluorescence imaging of RalGDS on cell surfaces during signal transduction from Ras to Ral.Biophysics and physicobiology · 2017Article
- Analysis of Microarray Data on Gene Expression and Methylation to Identify Long Non-coding RNAs in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Exploring the interactions of the RAS family in the human protein network and their potential implications in RAS-directed therapies.Oncotarget · 2016Article
- The higher level of complexity of K-Ras4B activation at the membrane.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2016Article
- KRAS G12D Mutation Subtype Is A Prognostic Factor for Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma.Clinical and translational gastroenterology · 2016Article
- A whole-genome RNAi screen uncovers a novel role for human potassium channels in cell killing by the parasite Entamoeba histolytica.Scientific reports · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Activating RAS mutations are common in human tumors. These mutations are often markers for resistance to therapy and subsequent poor prognosis. So far, targeting the RAF-MEK-ERK and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways downstream of RAS is the only promising approach in the treatment of cancer patients harboring RAS mutations. RAL GTPase, another downstream effector of RAS, is also considered as a therapeutic option for the treatment of RAS-mutant cancers. The RAL GTPase family comprises RALA and RALB, which can have either divergent or similar functions in different tumor models. Recent studies on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have showed that different RAS mutations selectively activate specific effector pathways. This observation requires broader validation in other tumor tissue types, but if true, will provide a new approach to the treatment of RAS-mutant cancer patients by targeting specific downstream RAS effectors according to the type of RAS mutation. It also suggests that RAL GTPase inhibition will be an important treatment strategy for tumors harboring RAS glycine to cysteine (G12C) or glycien to valine (G12V) mutations, which are commonly found in NSCLC and pancreatic cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.