Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25555483›Full record

ArticleBiological psychiatry2015

Aberrant Cortical Morphometry in the 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome.

J Eric Schmitt, Simon Vandekar, James Yi, Monica E Calkins, Kosha Ruparel, David R Roalf, Daneen Whinna, Margaret C Souders, Theodore D Satterwaite, Karthik Prabhakaran and 5 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biological psychiatry, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
42citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.8field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

42 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Charting Brain Structure in 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome with Clinical Neuroimaging.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. A Comprehensive Analysis of Cerebellar Volumes in the 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2023
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Early language measures associated with later psychosis features in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome.American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics · 2020
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

J Eric SchmittBrain Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Section, University of Pennsylvania; Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania.
Simon VandekarBrain Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Section, University of Pennsylvania.
James YiBrain Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Section, University of Pennsylvania; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.
Monica E CalkinsBrain Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Section, University of Pennsylvania.
Kosha RuparelBrain Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Section, University of Pennsylvania.
David R RoalfBrain Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Section, University of Pennsylvania.
Daneen WhinnaBrain Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Section, University of Pennsylvania.
Margaret C SoudersDivision of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia.
Theodore D SatterwaiteBrain Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Section, University of Pennsylvania.
Karthik PrabhakaranBrain Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Section, University of Pennsylvania.
Donna M McDonald-McGinnDivision of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Elaine H ZackaiDivision of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Ruben C GurBrain Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Section, University of Pennsylvania; Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania.
Beverly S EmanuelDivision of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Raquel E GurBrain Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Section, University of Pennsylvania; Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania. Electronic address: raquel@upenn.edu.
University of Pennsylvania · USChildren's Hospital of Philadelphia · USHospital of the University of Pennsylvania · USAllen Institute for Brain Science · US

Funding

Neurodevelopmental Genomics: Trajectories of Complex PhenotypesRC2MH089983 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI GUR, RAQUEL E · 2009 to 2011
$14.3M
2/2 Neurodevelopmental Genomics: Trajectories of Complex PhenotypesRC2MH089924 · NIMH · CHILDREN'S HOSP OF PHILADELPHIA · PI HAKONARSON, HAKON · 2009 to 2011
$10.7M
1/2-Brain-Behavior and Genetic Studies of the 22q11DSU01MH087626 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI GUR, RAQUEL E · 2010 to 2014
$6.5M
SCHIZOPHRENIA: A NEUROPSYCHIATRIC PERSPECTIVET32MH019112 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI GUR, RAQUEL E · 1990 to 2024
$6.2M
2/2 Brain, Behavior and Genetic Studies of the 22q11 Deletion StudiesU01MH087636 · NIMH · CHILDREN'S HOSP OF PHILADELPHIA · PI EMANUEL, BEVERLY S · 2010 to 2014
$4.6M
RESEARCH TRACK RADIOLOGY RESIDENCYT32EB004311 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI Terence P Gade, Misun Hwang · 2005 to 2026
$4.5M
Mental Health Biostatistics Training ProgramT32MH065218 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI BILKER, WARREN B. · 2003 to 2018
$1.3M
A Prospective Study of Endophenotypes in At-Risk Youths and Their SiblingsK08MH079364 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI CALKINS, MONICA E · 2007 to 2011
$750k
Neuroimaging of Dimensional Reward Dysfunction in AdolescenceK23MH098130 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI SATTERTHWAITE, THEODORE · 2012 to 2015
$723k
Neurocognitive variability in schizophrenia and youth at-risk for psychosisK01MH102609 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI ROALF, DAVID R · 2014 to 2017
$685k
NIBIB NIH HHS EB004311NIBIB NIH HHS T32 EB004311NIMH NIH HHS K01 MH102609NIMH NIH HHS K08 MH079364NIMH NIH HHS K08MH079364NIMH NIH HHS K23 MH098130NIMH NIH HHS K23MH098130NIMH NIH HHS MH019112NIMH NIH HHS MH087626NIMH NIH HHS MH087636NIMH NIH HHS MH089924NIMH NIH HHS MH089983NIMH NIH HHS RC2 MH089924NIMH NIH HHS RC2 MH089983NIMH NIH HHS T32 MH019112NIMH NIH HHS T32 MH065218NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH087626NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH087636
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThere is increased risk of developing psychosis in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS). Although this condition is associated with morphologic brain abnormalities, simultaneous examination of multiple high-resolution measures of cortical structure has not been performed.

methodsFifty-three patients with 22q11DS, 30 with psychotic symptoms, were compared with demographically matched nondeleted youths: 53 typically developing and 53 with psychotic symptoms. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging measures of cerebral volume, cortical thickness, surface area, and an index of local gyrification were obtained and compared between groups.

resultsPatients with 22q11DS demonstrated global increases in cortical thickness associated with reductions in surface area, reduced index of local gyrification, and lower cerebral volumes relative to typically developing controls. Findings were principally in the frontal lobe, superior parietal lobes, and in the paramedian cerebral cortex. Focally decreased thickness was seen in the superior temporal gyrus and posterior cingulate cortex in 22q11DS relative to nondeleted groups. Patterns between nondeleted participants with psychotic symptoms and 22q11DS were similar but with important differences in several regions implicated in schizophrenia. Post hoc analysis suggested that like the 22q11DS group, cortical thickness in nondeleted individuals with psychotic symptoms differed from typically developing controls in the superior frontal gyrus and superior temporal gyrus, regions previously linked to schizophrenia.

conclusionsSimultaneous examination of multiple measures of cerebral architecture demonstrates that differences in 22q11DS localize to regions of the frontal, superior parietal, superior temporal, and paramidline cerebral cortex. The overlapping patterns between nondeleted participants with psychotic symptoms and 22q11DS suggest partially shared neuroanatomic substrates.

Indexed as

22q11 Deletion SyndromeAdolescentAdultCerebral CortexFemaleHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMental DisordersYoung Adult22q11 Deletion syndromeCortical thicknessGeneticsGyrification indexMRIPsychosis

Identifiers

PMID25555483
PMCPMC4446247
OpenAlexW1970854595

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.