ReviewJournal of diabetes science and technology2015
The benefits, limitations, and cost-effectiveness of advanced technologies in the management of patients with diabetes mellitus.
Review in Journal of diabetes science and technology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06264271 (The Effect of Nutrition Education on Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Initiating the Use of Glucose Sensors), which is not on this map. Cited by 26 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effect of Nutrition Education on Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Initiating the Use of Glucose Sensors
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Technology for the Management of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Saudi Arabia and MENA Region: A Systematic Review.Current diabetes reviews · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review: Cost-effectiveness of continuous glucose monitoring compared to self-monitoring of blood glucose in type 1 diabetes.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2022Pooled it
- Improved HbA1c and reduced glycaemic variability after 1-year intermittent use of flash glucose monitoring.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Artificial intelligence in mobile health applications: A comprehensive review of its role in diabetes care.World journal of methodology · 2026Review
- Real-world incidence and risk factors of level 3 (severe) hypoglycaemia in adults with type 1 or 2 diabetes (iNPHORM, United States).Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- The Role of the Pancreatic Extracellular Matrix as a Tissue Engineering Support for the Bioartificial Pancreas.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Wearable and digital devices to monitor and treat metabolic diseases.Nature metabolism · 2023Review
- Fifteen-minute consultation: Practical use of continuous glucose monitoring.Archives of disease in childhood. Education and practice edition · 2022Article
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- Article
- Ability of Current Machine Learning Algorithms to Predict and Detect Hypoglycemia in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus: Meta-analysis.JMIR diabetes · 2021Article
- Pediatric Endocrinology Trainees' Education and Knowledge About Insulin Pumps and Continuous Glucose Monitors.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2019Article
- Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion Characteristics in Type 1 Diabetes Children and Adolescents in Qatar.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2019Article
- Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion Characteristics in Type 1 Diabetes Children and Adolescents in Qatar.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2018Article
- Evaluating optimal utilisation of technology in type 1 diabetes mellitus from a clinical and health economic perspective: protocol for a systematic review.Systematic reviews · 2018Article
- Continuous Monitoring of Glucose for Type 1 Diabetes: A Health Technology Assessment.Ontario health technology assessment series · 2018Article
- Adoption Barriers for Continuous Glucose Monitoring and Their Potential Reduction With a Fully Implanted System: Results From Patient Preference Surveys.Clinical diabetes : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2018Article
- How Can We Realize the Clinical Benefits of Continuous Glucose Monitoring?Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2017Review
- Closing the Loop.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2017Review
- Current and Emerging Technology for Continuous Glucose Monitoring.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hypoglycemia mitigation is critical for appropriately managing patients with diabetes. Advanced technologies are becoming more prevalent in diabetes management, but their benefits have been primarily judged on the basis of hemoglobin A1c. A critical appraisal of the effectiveness and limitations of advanced technologies in reducing both A1c and hypoglycemia rates has not been previously performed. The cost of hypoglycemia was estimated using literature rates of hypoglycemia events resulting in hospitalizations. A literature search was conducted on the effect on A1c and hypoglycemia of advanced technologies. The cost-effectiveness of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and real-time continuous glucose monitors (RT-CGM) was reviewed. Severe hypoglycemia in insulin-using patients with diabetes costs $4.9-$12.7 billion. CSII reduces A1c in some but not all studies. CSII improves hypoglycemia in patients with high baseline rates. Bolus calculators improve A1c and improve the fear of hypoglycemia but not hypoglycemia rates. RT-CGM alone and when combined with CSII improve A1c with a neutral effect on hypoglycemia rates. Low-glucose threshold suspend systems reduce hypoglycemia with a neutral effect on A1c, and low-glucose predictive suspend systems reduce hypoglycemia with a small increase in plasma glucose levels. In short-term studies, artificial pancreas systems reduce both hypoglycemia rates and plasma glucose levels. CSII and RT-CGM are cost-effective technologies, but their wide adoption is limited by cost, psychosocial, and educational factors. Most currently available technologies improve A1c with a neutral or improved rate of hypoglycemia. Advanced technologies appear to be cost-effective in diabetes management, especially when including the underlying cost of hypoglycemia.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.