ArticlePlant physiology2015
The naked endosperm genes encode duplicate INDETERMINATE domain transcription factors required for maize endosperm cell patterning and differentiation.
Article in Plant physiology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of IDD gene family in Gossypium hirsutum L.Functional & integrative genomics · 2026Article
- ZmMYB127 controls maize endosperm filling via dual-transcriptional regulation to improve grain yield and quality.Nature plants · 2026Article
- Comprehensive analysis of IDD family genes and their expression patterns in barley.BMC plant biology · 2026Article
- Comprehensive analysis of the INDETERMINATE DOMAIN (IDD) gene family in Marchantia polymorpha brings new insight into evolutionary developmental biology.BMC genomics · 2025Article
- The aleurone layer of cereal grains: Development, genetic regulation, and breeding applications.Plant communications · 2025Review
- Genome-Wide Characterization of theInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- INDETERMINATE DOMAIN Transcription Factors in Crops: Plant Architecture, Disease Resistance, Stress Response, Flowering, and More.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Genome-Wide Characterization and Haplotypic Variation Analysis of theInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Article
- NAKED ENDOSPERM1, NAKED ENDOSPERM2, and OPAQUE2 interact to regulate gene networks in maize endosperm development.The Plant cell · 2023Article
- Genetic tango: unveiling maize's endosperm filling regulation orchestrated by NAKED ENDOSPERM1, NAKED ENDOSPERM2, and OPAQUE2.The Plant cell · 2023Article
- Dissection of Developmental Programs and Regulatory Modules Directing Endosperm Transfer Cell and Aleurone Identity in the Syncytial Endosperm of Barley.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Mutations in NAKED-ENDOSPERM IDD genes reveal functional interactions with SCARECROW during leaf patterning in C4 grasses.PLoS genetics · 2023Article
- Comprehensive Analysis of the INDETERMINATE DOMAIN (IDD) Gene Family and Their Response to Abiotic Stress inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Genetic Localization and Homologous Genes Mining for Barley Grain Size.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Genome-Wide Identification of the Highly ConservedInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Rearrangement with the nkd2 promoter contributed to allelic diversity of the r1 gene in maize (Zea mays).The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2022Article
- Maize Endosperm Development: Tissues, Cells, Molecular Regulation and Grain Quality Improvement.Frontiers in plant science · 2022Review
- Microautophagy Mediates Vacuolar Delivery of Storage Proteins in Maize Aleurone Cells.Frontiers in plant science · 2022Article
- CRISPR-Cas9 mediated mutation in GRAIN WIDTH and WEIGHT2 (GW2) locus improves aleurone layer and grain nutritional quality in rice.Scientific reports · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aleurone is the outermost layer of cereal endosperm and functions to digest storage products accumulated in starchy endosperm cells as well as to confer important dietary health benefits. Whereas normal maize (Zea mays [Zm]) has a single aleurone layer, naked endosperm (nkd) mutants produce multiple outer cell layers of partially differentiated cells that show sporadic expression of aleurone identity markers such as a viviparous1 promoter-β-glucuronidase transgene. The 15:1 F2 segregation ratio suggested that two recessive genes were involved, and map-based cloning identified two homologous genes in duplicated regions of the genome. The nkd1 and nkd2 genes encode the INDETERMINATE1 domain (IDD) containing transcription factors ZmIDDveg9 and ZmIDD9 on chromosomes 2 and 10, respectively. Independent mutant alleles of nkd1 and nkd2, as well as nkd2-RNA interference lines in which both nkd genes were knocked down, also showed the nkd mutant phenotype, confirming the gene identities. In wild-type kernels, the nkd transcripts were most abundant around 11 to 16 d after pollination. The NKD proteins have putative nuclear localization signals, and green fluorescent protein fusion proteins showed nuclear localization. The mutant phenotype and gene identities suggest that NKD controls a gene regulatory network involved in aleurone cell fate specification and cell differentiation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.