ArticleJournal of visualized experiments : JoVE2014
Vascular balloon injury and intraluminal administration in rat carotid artery.
Article in Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
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- The nonexcitable smooth muscle: remodeling the smooth muscle ion transport toolkit in disease.Physiological reviews · 2026Review
- Surgical Rodent Models for the Study of Peripheral Arterial Disease.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- EHMT2 aggravates vascular remodeling via epigenetic inhibition of GADD45G.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Macrophage pyroptosis inhibition alleviates postinjury neointimal formation and vascular restenosis.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Osteocalcin deficiency attenuates neointima formation after vascular injury in rat.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Article
- Simvastatin-Loaded Chitosan-Functionalized PLGA Nanoparticles: Characterization and Use in Intimal Hyperplasia Therapy.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Distribution and Blood Penetration of Hirudin in Various Organs and Tissues of Rabbits With Carotid Artery Injury by Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry.Journal of analytical methods in chemistry · 2025Article
- Vascular restenosis following paclitaxel-coated balloon therapy is attributable to NLRP3 activation and LIN9 upregulation.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Article
- Evaluation of score parameters for severity assessment of surgery and liver cirrhosis in rats.Animal welfare (South Mimms, England) · 2023Article
- Article
- Sex differences in arterial identity correlate with neointimal hyperplasia after balloon injury.Molecular biology reports · 2022Article
- Large-conductance CaFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- Icariside II Restores Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Contractile Phenotype by Enhancing the Focal Adhesion Signaling Pathway in the Rat Vascular Remodeling Model.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- L-type CaProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- The Proliferation and Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Neovascularization and Angiogenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Thymine DNA glycosylase is a key regulator of CaMKIIγ expression and vascular smooth muscle phenotype.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2019Article
- Photodynamic therapy of balloon-injured rat carotid arteries using indocyanine green.Lasers in medical science · 2018Article
- Study of the Endogenous CRAC Channel Using shRNA-Mediated Gene Silencing.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2018Article
- A New Technique to Induce Experimental Myointimal Hyperplasia.Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The carotid artery balloon injury model in rats has been well established for over two decades. It remains an important method to study the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in vascular smooth muscle dedifferentiation, neointima formation and vascular remodeling. Male Sprague-Dawley rats are the most frequently employed animals for this model. Female rats are not preferred as female hormones are protective against vascular diseases and thus introduce a variation into this procedure. The left carotid is typically injured with the right carotid serving as a negative control. Left carotid injury is caused by the inflated balloon that denudes the endothelium and distends the vessel wall. Following injury, potential therapeutic strategies such as the use of pharmacological compounds and either gene or shRNA transfer can be evaluated. Typically for gene or shRNA transfer, the injured section of the vessel lumen is locally transduced for 30 min with viral particles encoding either a protein or shRNA for delivery and expression in the injured vessel wall. Neointimal thickening representing proliferative vascular smooth muscle cells usually peaks at 2 weeks after injury. Vessels are mostly harvested at this time point for cellular and molecular analysis of cell signaling pathways as well as gene and protein expression. Vessels can also be harvested at earlier time points to determine the onset of expression and/or activation of a specific protein or pathway, depending on the experimental aims intended. Vessels can be characterized and evaluated using histological staining, immunohistochemistry, protein/mRNA assays, and activity assays. The intact right carotid artery from the same animal is an ideal internal control. Injury-induced changes in molecular and cellular parameters can be evaluated by comparing the injured artery to the internal right control artery. Likewise, therapeutic modalities can be evaluated by comparing the injured and treated artery to the control injured only artery.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.