Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25548378›Full record

ArticleThe American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene2015

Malaria in the Americas: trends from 1959 to 2011.

Keith H Carter, Prabhjot Singh, Oscar J Mujica, Rainier P Escalada, Maria Paz Ade, Luis Gerardo Castellanos, Marcos A Espinal

Abstract readHistorical Article
In one paragraph

Article in The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Review
  4. Territorial Persistence of ResidualTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2026
    Article
  5. Is malaria elimination in the Amazon rainforest feasible? The case of Suriname.Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health · 2025
    Article
  6. Changes in the endemic-epidemic pattern of malaria in Colombia, 1978-2021.Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2024
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Keith H Carter
Prabhjot Singh
Oscar J Mujica
Rainier P Escalada
Maria Paz Ade
Luis Gerardo Castellanos
Marcos A Espinal

Funding

World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Malaria has declined in recent years in countries of the American continents. In 2011, 12 of 21 endemic countries had already met their 2015 Millennium Development Goal. However, this declining trend has not been adequately evaluated. An analysis of the number of cases per 100,000 people (annual parasite index [API]) and the percentage of positive blood slides (slide positivity rate [SPR]) during the period of 1959-2011 in 21 endemic countries was done using the joinpoint regression methodology. During 1960-1979, API and SPR increased significantly and peaked in the 1980s. Since the 1990s, there have been significant declining trends in both API and SPR. Additionally, both Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum species-specific incidence have declined. With the exception of two countries, such a collectively declining malaria trend was not observed in previous decades. This presents a unique opportunity for the Americas to seriously consider malaria elimination as a final goal.

Indexed as

Caribbean RegionCentral AmericaHealthy People ProgramsHistory, 20th CenturyHistory, 21st CenturyHumansIncidenceMalariaMalaria, FalciparumMalaria, VivaxMexicoSouth America

Identifiers

PMID25548378
PMCPMC4347333

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.