Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25547712›Full record

ArticleNeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology2015

Loss of feedback inhibition via D2 autoreceptors enhances acquisition of cocaine taking and reactivity to drug-paired cues.

Kathryn B Holroyd, Martin F Adrover, Robert L Fuino, Roland Bock, Alanna R Kaplan, Christina M Gremel, Marcelo Rubinstein, Veronica A Alvarez

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed
1.7field-weighted citation impact, top 20% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. D2 autoreceptors gate vulnerability to cocaine use disorder.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
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  7. Neurotensin Release from Dopamine Neurons Drives Long-Term Depression of Substantia Nigra Dopamine Signaling.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2022
    Article
  8. Article
  9. A three-factor model of common early onset psychiatric disorders: temperament, adversity, and dopamine.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2022
    Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Individual differences in dopamine uptake in the dorsomedial striatum prior to cocaine exposure predict motivation for cocaine in male rats.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2021
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Kathryn B HolroydSection on Neuronal Structure, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Martin F AdroverSection on Neuronal Structure, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Robert L FuinoSection on Neuronal Structure, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Roland BockSection on Neuronal Structure, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Alanna R KaplanSection on Neuronal Structure, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Christina M GremelLaboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Marcelo Rubinstein1] Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina [2] Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Veronica A AlvarezSection on Neuronal Structure, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism · USExperimental Medicine and Biology Institute · AR

Funding

Synaptic mechanisms underlying reward seeking and compulsive drug useZIAAA000421 · NIAAA · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON ALCOHOL ABUSE AND ALCOHOLISM · PI ALVAREZ, VERONICA A · 2009 to 2025
$23.1M
Chronic alcohol effects on corticostriatal circuits governing action shiftingR00AA021780 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI GREMEL, CHRISTINA M. · 2015 to 2017
$747k
Intramural NIH HHSNIAAA NIH HHS R00 AA021780NIAAA NIH HHS ZIA-AA000421
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A prominent aspect of drug addiction is the ability of drug-associated cues to elicit craving and facilitate relapse. Understanding the factors that regulate cue reactivity will be vital for improving treatment of addictive disorders. Low availability of dopamine (DA) D2 receptors (D2Rs) in the striatum is associated with high cocaine intake and compulsive use. However, the role of D2Rs of nonstriatal origin in cocaine seeking and taking behavior and cue reactivity is less understood and possibly underestimated. D2Rs expressed by midbrain DA neurons function as autoreceptors, exerting inhibitory feedback on DA synthesis and release. Here, we show that selective loss of D2 autoreceptors impairs the feedback inhibition of DA release and amplifies the effect of cocaine on DA transmission in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) in vitro. Mice lacking D2 autoreceptors acquire a cued-operant self-administration task for cocaine faster than littermate control mice but acquire similarly for a natural reward. Furthermore, although mice lacking D2 autoreceptors were able to extinguish self-administration behavior in the absence of cocaine and paired cues, they exhibited perseverative responding when cocaine-paired cues were present. This enhanced cue reactivity was selective for cocaine and was not seen during extinction of sucrose self-administration. We conclude that low levels of D2 autoreceptors enhance the salience of cocaine-paired cues and can contribute to the vulnerability for cocaine use and relapse.

Indexed as

AnimalsAutoreceptorsCocaineCocaine-Related DisordersConditioning, OperantCuesDisease Models, AnimalDopamineDopamine Uptake InhibitorsFeedback, PhysiologicalMaleMesencephalonMice, KnockoutNeural InhibitionNeuronsReceptors, Dopamine D2AutoreceptorsCocaineDopamineDopamine Uptake InhibitorsDRD2 protein, mouseReceptors, Dopamine D2

Identifiers

PMID25547712
PMCPMC4397408
OpenAlexW1971257312

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.