Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25542976›Full record

ReviewMolecular aspects of medicine2015

Natural history of β-cell adaptation and failure in type 2 diabetes.

Emilyn U Alejandro, Brigid Gregg, Manuel Blandino-Rosano, Corentin Cras-Méneur, Ernesto Bernal-Mizrachi

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Molecular aspects of medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 135 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
135citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

135 citing papers in PubMed.

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  8. Mitochondria-associated programmed cell death in pancreatic β cell of T2DM.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026
    Review
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  14. GRP94 is indispensable for definitive endoderm specification of human induced pluripotent stem cells.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025
    Article
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  19. Cafeteria diet compromises natural adaptations of islet cell transdifferentiation and turnover in pregnancy.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2025
    Article
  20. FGF1 as a New Promising Therapeutic Target in Type 2 Diabetes: Advances in Research and Clinical Trials.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2025
    Review

75 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Emilyn U AlejandroDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Brehm Center for Diabetes Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Brigid GreggDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Manuel Blandino-RosanoDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Brehm Center for Diabetes Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Corentin Cras-MéneurDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Brehm Center for Diabetes Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Ernesto Bernal-MizrachiDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Brehm Center for Diabetes Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. Electronic address: ebernal@med.umich.edu.

Funding

Regional Pilot And Feasibility Study Grants ProgramP30DK020572 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Mehboob A Hussain · 2013 to 2026
$24.3M
Postdoc Stipend Supplement: Developmental Origins of Metabolic Disorders T32T32DK071212 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI DAVID P OLSON, Kanakadurga Singer · 2005 to 2026
$5.4M
AKT/mTOR Signaling and Regulation of Cell Cycle in beta CellsR01DK073716 · NIDDK · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI BERNAL-MIZRACHI, ERNESTO · 2006 to 2022
$4.6M
Nutrient Signals and Programming of Pancreas DevelopmentR01DK084236 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI BERNAL-MIZRACHI, ERNESTO · 2010 to 2018
$2.9M
Mechanisms of Developmental Programing of beta-cell Susceptibility to GlucolipotoxicityK01DK103823 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI ALEJANDRO, EMILYN · 2014 to 2017
$572k
Regulation of Pancreas Development by P13K/Akt SignalingR03DK068028 · NIDDK · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI BERNAL-MIZRACHI, ERNESTO · 2004 to 2006
$455k
mTOR signaling and regulation of alpha-cell mass and functionI01BX002728 · VA · MIAMI VA HEALTH CARE SYSTEM · PI BERNAL-MIZRACHI, ERNESTO · 2016 to 2025
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BLRD VA I01 BX002728NIDDK NIH HHS 2T32DK071212-06NIDDK NIH HHS DK084236NIDDK NIH HHS K01 DK103823NIDDK NIH HHS K01-DK-103823NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK020572NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK073716NIDDK NIH HHS R01-DK073716NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK084236NIDDK NIH HHS R03 DK068028NIDDK NIH HHS T32 DK071212
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a complex disease characterized by β-cell failure in the setting of insulin resistance. The current evidence suggests that genetic predisposition, and environmental factors can impair the capacity of the β-cells to respond to insulin resistance and ultimately lead to their failure. However, genetic studies have demonstrated that known variants account for less than 10% of the overall estimated T2D risk, suggesting that additional unidentified factors contribute to susceptibility of this disease. In this review, we will discuss the different stages that contribute to the development of β-cell failure in T2D. We divide the natural history of this process in three major stages: susceptibility, β-cell adaptation and β-cell failure, and provide an overview of the molecular mechanisms involved. Further research into mechanisms will reveal key modulators of β-cell failure and thus identify possible novel therapeutic targets and potential interventions to protect against β-cell failure.

Indexed as

Insulin ResistanceAnimalsCell DifferentiationDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Endoplasmic Reticulum StressFemaleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHumansInsulin-Secreting CellsOxidative StressPancreasPregnancyRodentiaGlucolipotoxicityInsulin resistanceIslet biologyβ-cell developmentβ-cell failureβ-cell programming

Identifiers

PMID25542976
PMCPMC4404183

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.