Trial reportOphthalmology2015
Effects of corneal nerve density on the response to treatment in dry eye disease.
Trial report in Ophthalmology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04125134 (Predicting the Success of Dry Eye Disease Interventions Using Clinical Tests), which is not on this map. Cited by 63 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Predicting the Success of Dry Eye Disease Interventions Using Clinical Tests
Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Topical corticosteroids for dry eye.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Role of tear vasoactive intestinal peptide on dry eyes after laser keratorefractive surgery.BMC ophthalmology · 2023Trial
- The Utility of Oral Vitamin B1 and Mecobalamin to Improve Corneal Nerves in Dry Eye Disease: An In Vivo Confocal Microscopy Study.Nutrients · 2022Trial
- Reduced Efficacy of Low-dose Topical Steroids in Dry Eye Disease Associated With Graft-versus-Host Disease.American journal of ophthalmology · 2018Trial
- Panoramic Two-Photon Imaging and Quantitative Analysis of the Corneal Sub-Basal Nerve Plexus.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: Prevalence of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction Among Adults Aged 40 Years and Older.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Clusterin reverses epitheliopathy, reduces inflammation, and restores goblet cells and corneal nerves in a mouse model of autoimmune dry eye.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Emerging Technologies in Corneal Nerve Evaluation for Dry Eye and Ocular Surface Disease: A Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Case Report: Twisted subbasal corneal nerve fibers in a case of neurofibromatosis type 1.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Aging and Corneal Nerve Health: Mechanisms of Degeneration and Emerging Therapies for the Cornea.Cells · 2025Review
- Corneal Sensory Receptors and Pharmacological Therapies to Modulate Ocular Pain.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Association of tear osmolarity and corneal nerves structure in dry eye disease: an in vivo study.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2025Article
- Corneal epithelial dendritic cells associated with ocular pain in dry eye disease.International journal of ophthalmology · 2025Article
- The Prevalence of Corneal Sensitivity Loss in Patients with and without Dry Eye Disease.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Article
- Substance P regulates memory Th17 cell generation and maintenance in chronic dry eye disease.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2024Article
- Segmentation and multiparametric evaluation of corneal whorl-like nerves for in vivo confocal microscopy images in dry eye disease.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Corneal subbasal nerve plexus reinnervation and stromal cell morphology with different cap thicknesses in small incision lenticule extraction.Eye and vision (London, England) · 2024Article
- Evaluation of the Clinical Characteristics of Dry Eye Secondary to Different Types of Liver Diseases.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2023Article
- Dry eye disease in diabetics versus non-diabetics: Associating dry eye severity with diabetic retinopathy and corneal nerve sensitivity.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2023Article
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo evaluate whether levels of corneal subbasal nerve fiber length (SNFL) in dry eye disease (DED) could prognosticate the level of improvement in signs and symptoms after treatment.
designPhase IV, double-masked, randomized clinical trial.
participantsSixty patients with meibomian gland dysfunction-associated DED and 27 age-matched controls.
methodsPatients with DED were randomized to receive topical artificial tears, loteprednol etabonate 0.5%, or loteprednol etabonate 0.5%/tobramycin 0.3% twice daily for 4 weeks. At baseline, in vivo confocal microscopy of central cornea was performed in both eyes. Patients with DED were divided into 2 subgroups: those with low baseline SNFL and those with near-normal baseline SNFL for this purpose (the cutoff point: the mean SNFL in controls minus 2 standard deviations). Clinical signs and symptoms at baseline and after 4 weeks of treatment were compared between the subgroups with low and near-normal SNFL for all therapeutic groups.
main outcome measuresSymptom questionnaires, corneal fluorescein staining (CFS), conjunctival staining with lissamine green, tear break-up time, Schirmer's test, and SNFL.
resultsIn patients with DED, baseline SNFL (17.06±5.78 mm/mm(2)) was significantly lower than in controls (23.68±3.42 mm/mm(2), P = 0.001). In the artificial tear and loteprednol groups, although no significant improvement in any sign or symptom was noted in patients with low baseline SNFL (<16.84 mm/mm(2)), subjects with near-normal baseline SNFL (≥16.84 mm/mm(2)) showed significant improvement in both symptoms and CFS score (all P < 0.05). In the loteprednol/tobramycin group, no significant change was evident for any sign or symptom in either subgroup of low or near-normal baseline SNFL.
conclusionsSignificant improvements in CFS and patient symptomatology after DED treatment were evident only in the subgroup with near-normal corneal SNFL. Consideration of SNFL may assist in explaining the variability of patients' response to DED therapy.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.