ArticleCytokine2015
Serum IL-9, IL-17, and TGF-β levels in subjects with diabetic kidney disease (CURES-134).
Article in Cytokine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Changes of Regulatory T Cells and of Proinflammatory and Immunosuppressive Cytokines in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of diabetes research · 2016Pooled it
- Interleukin-17 A and diabetic kidney disease: emerging evidence on its pathogenic role and targeted modulation.Acta diabetologica · 2026Review
- CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Gut-Derived Metabolomic Biomarkers as Mediators of the Inflammatory Pathway in Early Diabetic Kidney Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The role of the IL-9‒NLRP3 axis in insulin resistance and adipose tissue inflammation during diet-induced obesity.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2025Article
- Role of Interleukins in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Inflammatory Protein Signatures as Predictive Disease-Specific Markers for Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH).Inflammation · 2025Article
- γδ T cells in diabetes mellitus: dual roles and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Plasma MCP-1 and TGF-β1 Levels are Associated with Kidney Injury in Children with Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2024Article
- T cells and their products in diabetic kidney disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Increased Expression of Circulating Stress Markers, Inflammatory Cytokines and Decreased Antioxidant Level in Diabetic Nephropathy.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Article
- Review of potential biomarkers of inflammation and kidney injury in diabetic kidney disease.Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2022Review
- Role of the adaptive immune system in diabetic kidney disease.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2022Review
- Identification of Oxidative Stress-Related Biomarkers in Diabetic Kidney Disease.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2022Article
- The role of inflammation in diabetic kidney disease.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2021Review
- Combining Antivirals and Immunomodulators to Fight COVID-19.Trends in immunology · 2021Review
- Pathogenic Pathways and Therapeutic Approaches Targeting Inflammation in Diabetic Nephropathy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Could IL-17A Be a Novel Therapeutic Target in Diabetic Nephropathy?Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Review
- Inflammatory Cytokines in Diabetic Kidney Disease: Pathophysiologic and Therapeutic Implications.Frontiers in medicine · 2020Review
- TLR-induced secretion of novel cytokine IL-27 is defective in newly diagnosed type-2 diabetic subjects.Cytokine · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The role of inflammation in both diabetes and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is becoming more widely accepted. However, the role of recently characterized T cell cytokines interleukin (IL)-9 and IL-17 in diabetes and especially DKD is less well studied. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) controls the secretion of both of these cytokines. In this study, we estimated the levels of IL-9, IL-17, and TGF-β in the serum of subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT = 88) and subjects with type 2 diabetes without (diabetes mellitus (DM) = 65) and with DKD (DKD = 97) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and we correlated these levels with the clinical risk factors of diabetes and DKD. IL-17 levels showed a serial decline and TGF-β levels showed a serial increase from NGT to DM to DKD (p < 0.001). However, the IL-9 levels were significantly reduced in the DM group compared to the NGT and DKD group (p < 0.001). While TGF-β and IL-17 showed a positive and negative correlation, respectively, with fasting and postprandial glucose levels and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), IL-9 showed positive correlation with urea and microalbuminuria. Apart from pro-inflammatory cytokines, T helper (Th) cytokines might play an important role in insulin resistance and DKD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.