SynthesisPloS one2014
The accuracy of spot sign in predicting hematoma expansion after intracerebral hemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Spot sign as a predictor of hematoma expansion and poor functional outcomes after intracerebral hemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Emergency radiology · 2026Pooled it
- Global diagnostic accuracy and prognostic value of non-contrast CT in acute traumatic brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Emergency radiology · 2026Pooled it
- Application of Deep Learning for Predicting Hematoma Expansion in Intracerebral Hemorrhage Using Computed Tomography Scans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Diagnostic Accuracy.La Radiologia medica · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Absolute risk and predictors of the growth of acute spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data.The Lancet. Neurology · 2018Pooled it
- Accuracy of spot sign in predicting hematoma expansion and clinical outcome: A meta-analysis.Medicine · 2018Pooled it
- Heterogeneity Signs on Noncontrast Computed Tomography Predict Hematoma Expansion after Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Meta-Analysis.BioMed research international · 2018Pooled it
- Prevention of haematoma progression by tranexamic acid in intracerebral haemorrhage patients with and without spot sign on admission scan: a statistical analysis plan of a pre-specified sub-study of the TICH-2 trial.BMC research notes · 2018Trial
- Prediction of intracerebral hemorrhage hematoma expansion: value of a novel deep learning system score.European radiology · 2026Article
- Clinical and Radiological Predictors for Early Hematoma Expansion After Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Retrospective Study.Neurology international · 2025Article
- Comparative assessment of the spot sign and leakage sign as predictive factors for spontaneous intracranial hematoma expansion.Emergency radiology · 2025Article
- Spot Sign in Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Critical Reappraisal and Future Clinical Implications.Stroke · 2025Review
- Article
- CT-based radiomics models predict spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage expansion and are comparable with CT angiography spot sign.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- Potential of Satellite Sign for Prediction of Hematoma Expansion in Small Spontaneous Hematoma within 7 Days' Follow-Up.Asian journal of neurosurgery · 2023Article
- Using Radiomics and Convolutional Neural Networks for the Prediction of Hematoma Expansion After Intracerebral Hemorrhage.International journal of general medicine · 2023Article
- Article
- Computed tomography in acute intracerebral hemorrhage: neuroimaging predictors of hematoma expansion and outcome.Insights into imaging · 2022Review
- Quantitative CT radiomics-based models for prediction of haematoma expansion and poor functional outcome in primary intracerebral haemorrhage.European radiology · 2021Article
- Imaging of Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Neuroimaging clinics of North America · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe role of spot sign on computed tomography angiography (CTA) for predicting hematoma expansion (HE) after primary intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has been the focus of many studies. Our study sought to evaluate the predictive accuracy of spot signs for HE in a meta-analytic approach. MATERIALS AND
methodsThe database of Pubmed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched for eligible studies. Researches were included if they reported data on HE in primary ICH patients, assessed by spot sign on first-pass CTA. Studies with additional data of second-pass CTA, post-contrast CT (PCCT) and CT perfusion (CTP) were also included.
results18 studies were pooled into the meta-analysis, including 14 studies of first-pass CTA, and 7 studies of combined CT modalities. In evaluating the accuracy of spot sign for predicting HE, studies of first-pass CTA showed that the sensitivity was 53% (95% CI, 49%-57%) with a specificity of 88% (95% CI, 86%-89%). The pooled positive likelihood ratio (PLR) was 4.70 (95% CI, 3.28-6.74) and the negative likelihood ratio (NLR) was 0.44 (95% CI, 0.34-0.58). For studies of combined CT modalities, the sensitivity was 73% (95% CI, 67%-79%) with a specificity of 88% (95% CI, 86%-90%). The aggregated PLR was 6.76 (95% CI, 3.70-12.34) and the overall NLR was 0.17 (95% CI 0.06-0.48).
conclusionsSpot signs appeared to be a reliable imaging biomarker for HE. The additional detection of delayed spot sign was helpful in improving the predictive accuracy of early spot signs. Awareness of our results may impact the primary ICH care by providing supportive evidence for the use of combined CT modalities in detecting spot signs.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.