Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25541501›Full record

ArticleAlcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.)2015

Zebrafish retinal defects induced by ethanol exposure are rescued by retinoic acid and folic acid supplement.

Pooja Muralidharan, Swapnalee Sarmah, James A Marrs

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
47citing papers in PubMed
8.1field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

47 citing papers in PubMed, 69 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Folic acid prevention of neural tube defects requires retinoic acid produced by ALDH1L1.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  2. The Role of the Hedgehog Pathway in Alcohol-Induced Birth Defects.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Pooja MuralidharanDepartment of Biology, Indiana University - Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
Swapnalee SarmahDepartment of Biology, Indiana University - Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
James A MarrsDepartment of Biology, Indiana University - Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA. Electronic address: jmarrs@iupui.edu.
University of Indianapolis · USIndiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis · US

Funding

Translational Research and Science Education (OUT)P60AA007611 · NIAAA · INDIANA UNIV-PURDUE UNIV AT INDIANAPOLIS · PI Marian Lee Logrip · 2003 to 2026
$45.5M
RAT RESEARCH COMPONENTP50AA007611 · NIAAA · INDIANA UNIV-PURDUE UNIV AT INDIANAPOLIS · PI LUMENG, LAWRENCE · 1987 to 2002
$5.3M
A zebrafish fetal alcohol spectrum disorder model of congenital heart defectsR21AA022396 · NIAAA · INDIANA UNIVERSITY INDIANAPOLIS · PI MARRS, JAMES A · 2014 to 2015
$397k
NIAAA NIH HHS P50 AA007611NIAAA NIH HHS P50 AA07611NIAAA NIH HHS P60 AA007611NIAAA NIH HHS R21 AA0022396NIAAA NIH HHS R21 AA022396
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) is caused by prenatal alcohol exposure, producing craniofacial, sensory, motor, and cognitive defects. FASD is highly prevalent in low socioeconomic populations, which are frequently accompanied by malnutrition. FASD-associated ocular pathologies include microphthalmia, optic nerve hypoplasia, and cataracts. The present study characterizes specific retinal tissue defects, identifies ethanol-sensitive stages during retinal development, and dissects the effect of nutrient supplements, such as retinoic acid (RA) and folic acid (FA) on ethanol-induced retinal defects. Exposure to pathophysiological concentrations of ethanol (during midblastula transition through somitogenesis; 2-24 h post fertilization [hpf]) altered critical transcription factor expression involved in retinal cell differentiation, and produced severe retinal ganglion cell, photoreceptor, and Müller glial differentiation defects. Ethanol exposure did not alter retinal cell differentiation induction, but increased retinal cell death and proliferation. RA and FA nutrient co-supplementation rescued retinal photoreceptor and ganglion cell differentiation defects. Ethanol exposure during retinal morphogenesis stages (16-24 hpf) produced retinal defects like those seen with ethanol exposure between 2 and 24 hpf. Significantly, during an ethanol-sensitive time window (16-24 hpf), RA co-supplementation moderately rescued these defects, whereas FA co-supplementation showed significant rescue of optic nerve and photoreceptor differentiation defects. Interestingly, RA, but not FA, supplementation after ethanol exposure could reverse ethanol-induced optic nerve and photoreceptor differentiation defects. Our results indicate that various ethanol-sensitive events underlie FASD-associated retinal defects. Nutrient supplements like retinoids and folate were effective in alleviating ethanol-induced retinal defects.

Indexed as

Dietary SupplementsAnimalsCell DeathEmbryo, NonmammalianEthanolFemaleFolic AcidPregnancyRetinaTretinoinZebrafishEthanolFolic AcidTretinoinFetal alcohol spectrum disorderFolic acidRetinal developmentRetinoic acidZebrafish

Identifiers

PMID25541501
PMCPMC4339401
OpenAlexW2074797226

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.