ReviewClinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)2014
The impact of timolol maleate on the ocular tolerability of fixed-combination glaucoma therapies.
Review in Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Maximum Tolerated Medical Therapy for Glaucoma: Fixed-Dose Combinations of Timolol, Dorzolamide, Brimonidine with Latanoprost Versus Timolol, Dorzolamide with Latanoprost.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Trial
- MERCURY-3: a randomized comparison of netarsudil/latanoprost and bimatoprost/timolol in open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2024Trial
- Perspectives of Healthcare Professionals on the Treatment Landscape of Ocular Redness.Patient preference and adherence · 2026Article
- Preservative-Free Gel-Formulated Glaucoma Therapies: Learning from the Past, Looking to the Future.Advances in therapy · 2025Review
- Colloid-Forming Prodrug-Hydrogel Composite Prolongs Lower Intraocular Pressure in Rodent Eyes after Subconjunctival Injection.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Article
- Comparison of allergy prevalence using brinzolamide 1.0% / brimonidine 0.2% fixed combination with and without β-blocker in glaucoma patients: a retrospective cohort study.BMC ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Preservative-Free Fixed Combination of Tafluprost 0.0015% and Timolol 0.5% for Treatment-Naive Patients with Open-Angle Glaucoma.Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO · 2024Article
- From Eye Care to Hair Growth: Bimatoprost.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Topical Treatment of Elevated Intraocular Pressure in Patients with Graves' Orbitopathy.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- The signs of ocular-surface disorders after switching from latanoprost to tafluprost/timolol fixed combination: a prospective study.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2017Article
- Effects of Four Formulations of Prostaglandin Analogs on Eye Surface Cells. A Comparative Study.PloS one · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Glaucomatous optic atrophy is the second most common cause of blindness worldwide, and lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) is the only proven method to slow or stop the progression of the disease. Approximately 40% of patients with elevated IOP will require more than one medication to obtain a modest 20% reduction in IOP, and as a result, some patients may require two medications, provided in either two separate bottles or in one bottle with the use of fixed-combination therapies. Each therapy has its own unique safety and efficacy profile. Topical beta-blockers have a particularly favorable ocular-tolerability profile, and several studies of fixed-combination medications containing the beta-blocker timolol maleate have shown a lower prevalence of some ocular adverse events for the fixed-combination therapy compared to the non-beta-blocker individual component. In this review, we examined clinical data pertaining to the ocular surface tolerability of fixed-combination medications containing timolol maleate in comparison to the individual components. In particular, preference was given to prospective, randomized, multicenter trials of 3 months in duration or longer that compared a fixed-combination therapy to monotherapy with the individual components. A review of the literature revealed that some fixed-combination therapies can provide a reduced risk of common side effects compared to their individual components, with conjunctival hyperemia and ocular allergy being less frequent in some timolol-containing fixed-combination therapies. This effect appears to be most significant for latanoprost 0.005%, bimatoprost 0.03%, and brimonidine 0.2%.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.