Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25537787›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2014

A Frailty Instrument for primary care for those aged 75 years or more: findings from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe, a longitudinal population-based cohort study (SHARE-FI75+).

Roman Romero-Ortuno, Christopher Soraghan

Abstract readValidation Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
41citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

41 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Comprehensive geriatric assessment in primary care: a systematic review.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2020
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  9. Inadequate Micronutrient Intakes: Exploring the Vitamin and Mineral Intakes and Food Sources of New Zealand Aged-Care Residents.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Roman Romero-OrtunoDepartment of Medicine for the Elderly (DME), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK Clinical Gerontology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK.
Christopher SoraghanDepartment of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland Mercer's Institute for Successful Ageing, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo create and validate a frailty assessment tool for community-dwelling adults aged ≥75 years.

designLongitudinal, population-based study.

settingThe Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE).

participants4001 women and 3057 men aged ≥75 years from the second wave of SHARE. 3325 women and 2587 men had complete information for the frailty indicators: fatigue, low appetite, weakness, observed gait (walking without help, walking with help, chairbound/bedbound, unobserved) and low physical activity.

main outcome measuresThe internal validity of the frailty indicators was tested with latent class analysis, by modelling an underlying variable with three ordered categories. The predictive validity of the frailty classification was tested against 2-year mortality and 4-year disability. The mortality prediction of SHARE-FI75+ was compared with that of previously operationalised frailty scales in SHARE (SHARE-FI, 70-item index, phenotype, FRAIL).

resultsIn both genders, all frailty indicators significantly aggregated into a three-category ordinal latent variable. After adjusting for baseline age, comorbidity and basic activities of daily living (BADL) disability, the frail had an OR for 2-year mortality of 2.2 (95% CI 1.2 to 3.8) in women and 4.2 (2.6 to 6.8) in men. The mortality prediction of SHARE-FI75+ was similar to that of the other SHARE frailty scales. By wave 4, 49% of frail women (78 of 159) had at least one more limitation with BADL (compared with 18% of non-frail, 125 of 684; p<0.001); in men, these proportions were 39% (26 of 66) and 18% (110 of 621), respectively (p<0.001). A calculator is supplied for point-of-care use, which automatically replicates the frailty classification for any given measurements.

conclusionsSHARE-FI75+ could help frailty case finding in primary care and provide a focus for personalised community interventions. Further validation in trials and clinical programmes is needed.

Indexed as

Frail ElderlyHealthHealth StatusHealth Status IndicatorsPersons with DisabilitiesActivities of Daily LivingAgedAged, 80 and overAgingComorbidityEuropeFatigueFemaleGaitGeriatric AssessmentHealth SurveysFrail ElderlyGeriatric AssessmentLongitudinal SurveyPrimary Health CareScreeningValidation Studies

Identifiers

PMID25537787
PMCPMC4275665

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.