ArticleJournal of extracellular vesicles2014
Effect of storage on physical and functional properties of extracellular vesicles derived from neutrophilic granulocytes.
Article in Journal of extracellular vesicles, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 145 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
145 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Extracellular vesicles in diagnostics and therapy of the ischaemic heart: Position Paper from the Working Group on Cellular Biology of the Heart of the European Society of Cardiology.Cardiovascular research · 2018Guideline
- Milk-derived extracellular vesicles: nutritional significance, nano-delivery potential, and emerging therapeutic applications - an updated review.Food science of animal resources · 2026Review
- A biomimetic cryoprotectant preserves extracellular vesicles bioactivity for intravenous administration and potentiates wound healing.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Immunomodulatory and antimicrobial actions of extracellular vesicles in vaginal infections: implications for female infertility.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cell-Free Therapies: Challenges and Opportunities.Molecular biotechnology · 2026Review
- Engineering challenges and translational opportunities in emerging gene delivery platforms.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Review
- Unlocking the stability and storage conditions of plant-derived nanovesicles through metabolomic and lipidomic profiling.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Oral natural extracellular vesicles for biomedical applications: Advances and clinical perspectives.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- Long-Term Stability of Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles Stored at Different Temperatures.Journal of extracellular biology · 2026Article
- Therapeutic Mechanisms of Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes for Neurological Disorders: An Overview.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Small vesicles, big potential: A review of innovative exosome delivery and molecular mechanisms in preclinical myocardial infarction models.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- Stabilized Extracellular Vesicle Formulations for Inhalable Dry Powder Development.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- Macrophage Extracellular Vesicles: Therapeutic Strategies for Corneal Fibrosis in Rare Diseases.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Engineered mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles as programmable biomaterial platforms for liver fibrosis: design principles, manufacturing and clinical translation.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Plant-derived extracellular vesicles in skin and bone tissue engineering: current status, challenges, and future perspectives.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles in rheumatoid arthritis: emerging roles in progression, diagnosis, and therapeutic development.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- A multidimensional landscape of extracellular vesicle-mediated tumor drug resistance: mechanisms, biomarkers, engineered drug delivery, and clinical translation.Extracellular vesicles and circulating nucleic acids · 2026Review
- Engineered mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes: A revolutionary approach to unlocking liver disease treatment.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2025Review
- Therapeutic extracellular vesicles as a cornerstone of medicine in the next decade with gerontological focus.Biogerontology · 2025Review
- Efficient dispersion of aggregated extracellular vesicles: a comparative study of water-bath sonication and regular pipetting.Scientific reports · 2025Article
85 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimTo carry out a systematic study on the effect of different storage conditions on the number as well as the physical and functional properties of antibacterial extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from human neutrophilic granulocytes.
methodsProduction of EVs with antibacterial properties was initiated by opsonized Zymosan A particles. The number of released fluorescent EVs was determined by flow cytometry following careful calibration. Physical properties and size of EVs were investigated by flow cytometry, dynamic light scattering and electron microscopy. Functional properties of EVs were tested by bacterial survival assay.
resultsStorage at +20°C or +4°C resulted in a significant decrease of EV number and antibacterial effect after 1 day. Storage at -20°C did not influence the EV number up to 28 days, but induced a shift in EV size and almost complete loss of antibacterial function by 28 days. Storage at -80°C had no significant effect either on EV number or size and allowed partial preservation of the antibacterial function up to 28 days. Snap-freezing did not improve the results, whereas the widely used cryoprotectants induced EV lysis.
conclusionStorage significantly alters both the physical and functional properties of EVs even if the number of EVs stays constant. If storage is needed, EVs should be kept at -80°C, preferably not longer than 7 days. For functional tests, freshly prepared EVs are recommended.
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