ArticlePloS one2014
Predictors of immunological failure of antiretroviral therapy among HIV infected patients in Ethiopia: a matched case-control study.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 18 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- HIV/AIDS treatment failure and associated factors in Ethiopia: meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2020Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Dolutegravir based therapy showed CD4Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Article
- High baseline body mass index predicts recovery of CD4+ T lymphocytes for HIV/AIDS patients receiving long-term antiviral therapy.PloS one · 2022Article
- Immunological Treatment Failure Among Adult Patients Receiving Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in East Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Current therapeutic research, clinical and experimental · 2021Review
- Prevalence and Predictors of Virological Failure Among Adults Living with HIV in South Wollo Zone, Northeast Ethiopia: A Retrospective Cohort Study.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2020Article
- Evaluation of Antiretroviral Therapy Initiated Among Pregnant Women Under Option B+ by Viral Load and CD4 Count Outcomes in Selected Hospitals of West Shewa Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2020Article
- Immunological Response During HAART and Determinants of Current CD4HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2020Article
- HIV treatment outcomes following antiretroviral therapy initiation and monitoring: A workplace program in Papua, Indonesia.PloS one · 2019Article
- Clinical characteristics of pediatric HIV-1 patients treated with first-line antiretroviral therapy in Vietnam: a nested case-control study.International journal of public health · 2017Article
- Predictors of first-line antiretroviral therapy failure amongst HIV-infected adult clients at Woldia Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia.PloS one · 2017Article
- Correlation of baseline hormonal disorders with immunological failure and mortality in male HIV patients during follow-up.Medicine · 2016Article
- Pattern and predictors of immunologic recovery in HIV infected patients.BMC research notes · 2015Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedCorrection: Predictors of Immunological Failure of Antiretroviral Therapy among HIV Infected Patients in Ethiopia: A Matched Case-Control Study.2015 · Assefa, Anteneh [corrected to Asefa, Anteneh]
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIn resource constrained settings, immunological assessment through CD4 count is used to assess response to first line Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART). In this study, we aim to investigate factors associated with immunological treatment failure.
methodsA matched case-control study design was used. Cases were subjects who already experienced immunological treatment failure and controls were those without immunological failure after an exactly or approximately equivalent duration of first line treatment with cases. Data were analyzed using SPSS v16.0. Conditional logistic regression was carried out.
resultsA total of 134 cases and 134 controls were included in the study. At baseline, the mean age ± 1 SD of cases was 37.5 ± 9.7 years whereas it was 36.9 ± 9.2 years among controls. The median baseline CD4 counts of cases and controls were 121.0 cells/µl (IQR: 47-183 cells/µl) and 122.0 cells/µl (IQR: 80.0-189.8 cells/µl), respectively. The median rate of CD4 cells increase was comparable for the two groups in the first six months of commencing HAART (P = 0.442). However, the median rate of CD4 increase was significantly different for the two groups in the next 6 months period (M6 to M12). The rate of increment was 8.8 (IQR: 0.5, 14.6) and 1.8 (IQR: 8.8, 11.3) cells/µl/month for controls and cases, respectively (Mann-Whitney U test, P = 0.003). In conditional logistic regressions grouped baseline CD4 count (P = 0.028), old age group and higher educational status (P<0.001) were significant predictors of immunological treatment failure.
conclusionSubjects with immunological treatment failure have an optimal rate of immunological recovery in the first 6 months of treatment with first line HAART, but relative to the non-failing group the rate declines at a later period, notably between 6 and 12 months. Low baseline CD4 count, old age and higher educational status were associated with immunological treatment failure.
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