ArticleJournal of lipid research2015
Influence of physiological changes in endogenous estrogen on circulating PCSK9 and LDL cholesterol.
Article in Journal of lipid research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 59 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 114 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring associations between estrogen and gene candidates identified by coronary artery disease genome-wide association studies.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Elagolix Treatment for Up to 12 Months in Women With Heavy Menstrual Bleeding and Uterine Leiomyomas.Obstetrics and gynecology · 2020Trial
- Population Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Analysis of Alirocumab in Healthy Volunteers or Hypercholesterolemic Subjects Using an Indirect Response Model to Predict Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Lowering: Support for a Biologics License Application Submission: Part II.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2019Trial
- Circulating PCSK9 as a sex-stratified predictor in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: Insights from a prospective cohort study in Chinese adults.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2026Article
- Selenium-Astaxanthin Co-Supplementation Synergistically Reduces PCSK9 Expression, Upregulates LDL Receptors, and Improves lipid profile and Cardiovascular Markers in Menopausal Ovariectomized Rats by attenuating inflammation and lipid peroxidation.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- PCSK9 Inhibitor Use and the Risk of Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Patients with Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Lipid levels and risk-stratified management gaps of dyslipidemia in China.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Molecular Mechanisms of Menstrual Cycle-Related Suicide Risk: A Selective Review of Promising Candidate Systems.Biological psychiatry · 2026Review
- Exploring sex bias in cardiometabolic diseases.Lipids in health and disease · 2026Review
- GPR41 deficiency alters the gut microbiota-bile acid axis, reduces ileal expression ofGut microbes · 2025Article
- Metabolic and Endocrine Alterations in Underweight and Normal-Weight Women with Functional Hypothalamic Amenorrhea.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Sex differences in the treatment with PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies- real world experience from a dedicated preventive cardiology clinic.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2025Article
- Targeting proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) to tackle central nervous system diseases: role as a promising approach.European journal of medical research · 2025Review
- Unraveling Estrogen and PCSK9's Roles in Lipid Metabolism Disorders among Ovariectomized Mice.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2025Article
- Lipid Lowering Therapy Utilization and Lipid Goal Attainment in Women.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2025Review
- Characterizing vascular function in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis, and mixed Alzheimer's and atherosclerosis.Neurophotonics · 2025Article
- Remnant cholesterol, not LDL cholesterol, is associated with the risk of hypertension in the middle-aged and elderly population: Bushehr Elderly Health cohort.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
- Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9: a promising marker of cardiovascular risk in post-menopausal diabetic women in primary prevention.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- The Estrogen-Autophagy Axis: Insights into Cytoprotection and Therapeutic Potential in Cancer and Infection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 Induction in COVID-19 Is Poorly Associated with Disease Severity and Cholesterol Levels.Infectious disease reports · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pharmacologically increased estrogen levels have been shown to lower hepatic and plasma proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) levels in animals and humans. We hypothesized that physiological changes in estrogen levels influence circulating PCSK9, thereby contributing to the known wide inter-individual variation in its plasma levels, as well as to the established increase in LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) with normal aging. Circulating PCSK9, estradiol, and other metabolic factors were determined in fasting samples from 206 female and 189 male healthy volunteers (age 20-85 years), The mean levels of PCSK9 were 10% higher in females than in males (P < 0.05). PCSK9 levels were 22% higher in postmenopausal than in premenopausal (P < 0.001) females. Within the group of premenopausal females, circulating PCSK9 correlated inversely to estrogen levels, and PCSK9 was higher (305 ng/ml) in the follicular phase than in the ovulatory (234 ng/ml) or the luteal (252 ng/ml) phases (P < 0.05). Changes in endogenous estrogen levels during the menstrual cycle likely contribute to the broad inter-individual variation in PCSK9 and LDL-C in normal females. PCSK9 levels increase in females after menopause but not in men during this phase in life. This likely contributes to why LDL-C in women increases in this period.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.