Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25534394›Full record

ReviewNeurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics2015

Targeting the prodromal stage of Alzheimer's disease: bioenergetic and mitochondrial opportunities.

Charles C Caldwell, Jia Yao, Roberta Diaz Brinton

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed
2.8field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

35 citing papers in PubMed, 85 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Aging · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Novel Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease: Based Upon N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptor Hypoactivation and Oxidative Stress.Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2021
    Review
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Charles C CaldwellClinical and Experimental Therapeutics Program, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.
Jia Yao
Roberta Diaz Brinton
University of Southern California · US

Funding

Timing of Menopausal Hormone Therapy across Perimenopause to Menopause Transition: Neuroimmune System in BrainP01AG026572 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI Schantel Williams · 2006 to 2026
$53.7M
Estrogen Receptor-beta phytoSERMs for Management of Menopause and Memory DeclineR01AG033288 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI SCHNEIDER, LON S · 2010 to 2012
$1.6M
Estrogen-Induced Neuroprotective Mitochondrial MechanismR01AG032236 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI BRINTON, ROBERTA EILEEN · 2009 to 2013
$1.6M
NIA NIH HHS P01 AG026572NIA NIH HHS P01AG026572NIA NIH HHS R01 AG032236NIA NIH HHS R01AG032236NIA NIH HHS R01 AG033288NIA NIH HHS R01AG033288
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) has a complex and progressive neurodegenerative phenotype, with hypometabolism and impaired mitochondrial bioenergetics among the earliest pathogenic events. Bioenergetic deficits are well documented in preclinical models of mammalian aging and AD, emerge early in the prodromal phase of AD, and in those at risk for AD. This review discusses the importance of early therapeutic intervention during the prodromal stage that precedes irreversible degeneration in AD. Mechanisms of action for current mitochondrial and bioenergetic therapeutics for AD broadly fall into the following categories: 1) glucose metabolism and substrate supply; 2) mitochondrial enhancers to potentiate energy production; 3) antioxidants to scavenge reactive oxygen species and reduce oxidative damage; 4) candidates that target apoptotic and mitophagy pathways to either remove damaged mitochondria or prevent neuronal death. Thus far, mitochondrial therapeutic strategies have shown promise at the preclinical stage but have had little-to-no success in clinical trials. Lessons learned from preclinical and clinical therapeutic studies are discussed. Understanding the bioenergetic adaptations that occur during aging and AD led us to focus on a systems biology approach that targets the bioenergetic system rather than a single component of this system. Bioenergetic system-level therapeutics personalized to bioenergetic phenotype would target bioenergetic deficits across the prodromal and clinical stages to prevent and delay progression of AD.

Indexed as

Prodromal SymptomsAlzheimer DiseaseAnimalsEnergy MetabolismHumansMitochondria

Identifiers

PMID25534394
PMCPMC4322082
OpenAlexW2022634271

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.