Trial reportPsychopharmacology2015
Inverse fluoxetine effects on inhibitory brain activation in non-comorbid boys with ADHD and with ASD.
Trial report in Psychopharmacology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-analysis of structural and functional alterations of brain in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Structural and Functional Brain Abnormalities in Internet Gaming Disorder and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Comparative Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Executive Function in High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-analysis of fMRI Studies.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2020Pooled it
- Comparative meta-analyses of brain structural and functional abnormalities during cognitive control in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder.Psychological medicine · 2020Pooled it
- Effects of fMRI neurofeedback of right inferior frontal cortex on inhibitory brain activation in children with ADHD.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2024Trial
- Trial
- The Feasibility of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in a Non-Selective Comprehensive Clinical Trial in Pediatric Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2022Trial
- Modulation of atypical brain activation during executive functioning in autism: a pharmacological MRI study of tianeptine.Molecular autism · 2021Trial
- Modulation of brain activation during executive functioning in autism with citalopram.Translational psychiatry · 2019Trial
- Real-time fMRI neurofeedback in adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Human brain mapping · 2017Trial
- Midbrain hypoactivation and mesocortical hypoconnectivity in inhibitory control learning in autism.Brain communications · 2026Article
- Revisiting the Role of Serotonin in Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: New Insights from Preclinical and Clinical Studies.Clinical drug investigation · 2025Review
- Neuroimaging as a Tool for Advancing Pediatric Psychopharmacology.Paediatric drugs · 2025Review
- Translating Decades of Neuroscience Research into Diagnostic and Treatment Biomarkers for ADHD.Advances in neurobiology · 2024Review
- Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials: Antidepressants for Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors in Autism Spectrum Disorder.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2024Review
- Viloxazine Increases Extracellular Concentrations of Norepinephrine, Dopamine, and Serotonin in the Rat Prefrontal Cortex at Doses Relevant for the Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.Journal of experimental pharmacology · 2024Article
- Probing the overarching continuum theory: data-driven phenotypic clustering of children with ASD or ADHD.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2023Article
- Reduced inferior fronto-insular-thalamic activation during failed inhibition in young adults with combined ASD and ADHD compared to typically developing and pure disorder groups.Translational psychiatry · 2023Article
- A randomized, sham-controlled trial of high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation on the right orbital frontal cortex in children and adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
rationaleAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are often comorbid and have both performance and brain dysfunctions during motor response inhibition. Serotonin agonists modulate motor response inhibition and have shown positive behavioural effects in both disorders.
aimsWe therefore used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the so far unknown shared and disorder-specific inhibitory brain dysfunctions in these two disorders, as well as the effects of a single dose of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine.
methodsAge-matched boys with ADHD (18), ASD (19) and healthy controls (25) were compared with fMRI during a stop task measuring motor inhibition. Patients were scanned twice, under either an acute dose of fluoxetine or placebo in a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomised design. Repeated measures analyses within patients assessed drug effects. To test for potential normalisation effects of brain dysfunctions, patients under each drug condition were compared to controls.
resultsUnder placebo, relative to controls, ASD boys showed overactivation in left and right inferior frontal cortex (IFC), while ADHD boys showed disorder-specific underactivation in orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and basal ganglia. Under fluoxetine, the prefrontal dysfunctions were no longer observed, due to inverse effects of fluoxetine on these activations: fluoxetine downregulated IFC and OFC activation in ASD but upregulated them in ADHD.
conclusionsThe findings show that fluoxetine normalises frontal lobe dysfunctions in both disorders via inverse effects, downregulating abnormally increased frontal activation in ASD and upregulating abnormally decreased frontal activation in ADHD, potentially reflecting inverse baseline serotonin levels in both disorders.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.