Trial reportAnnals of biomedical engineering2015
Six Degree-of-Freedom Measurements of Human Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.
Trial report in Annals of biomedical engineering, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 79 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
79 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 207 citations in OpenAlex.
- Head Acceleration Magnitude in Sport-Related Concussive Impacts: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Pooled it
- Head Impact Research Using Inertial Sensors in Sport: A Systematic Review of Methods, Demographics, and Factors Contributing to Exposure.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2022Pooled it
- The Influence of Head Impact Threshold for Reporting Data in Contact and Collision Sports: Systematic Review and Original Data Analysis.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2016Pooled it
- Concussion Risk Between Individual Football Players: Survival Analysis of Recurrent Events and Non-events.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2020Trial
- Estimated Brain Tissue Response Following Impacts Associated With and Without Diagnosed Concussion.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2018Trial
- Axonal tract-integrated finite element brain model for predicting mild traumatic brain injury based on axonal strain.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Head impact biomechanics across men's and women's contact sports: a comparative and clustering analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Association Between Acute Plasma Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Levels and White Matter Integrity in Recent Trauma Survivors.Journal of neurotrauma · 2025Article
- A mechanics-informed machine learning framework for traumatic brain injury prediction in police and forensic investigations.Communications engineering · 2025Article
- Concussion injuries in sports and the role of instrumented mouthguards: a mini review.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Review
- Data augmentation of time-series data in human movement biomechanics: A scoping review.PloS one · 2025Article
- Article
- Immediate and Transient Perturbances in EEG Within Seconds Following Controlled Soccer Head Impact.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2024Article
- Efficient Generation of Pretraining Samples for Developing a Deep Learning Brain Injury Model via Transfer Learning.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2024Article
- Padded Helmet Shell Covers in American Football: A Comprehensive Laboratory Evaluation with Preliminary On-Field Findings.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2024Article
- Potential of Soft-Shelled Rugby Headgear to Lower Regional Brain Strain Metrics During Standard Drop Tests.Sports medicine - open · 2024Article
- The Impact of Drop Test Conditions on Brain Strain Location and Severity: A Novel Approach Using a Deep Learning Model.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2024Article
- American Football On-Field Head Impact Kinematics: Influence of Acceleration Signal Characteristics on Peak Maximal Principal Strain.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2024Article
- Adaptive Machine Learning Head Model Across Different Head Impact Types Using Unsupervised Domain Adaptation and Generative Adversarial Networks.IEEE sensors journal · 2024Article
- Capturing Head Impacts in Boxing: A Video-Based Comparison of Three Wearable Sensors.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2024Article
19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
This preliminary study investigated whether direct measurement of head rotation improves prediction of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Although many studies have implicated rotation as a primary cause of mTBI, regulatory safety standards use 3 degree-of-freedom (3DOF) translation-only kinematic criteria to predict injury. Direct 6DOF measurements of human head rotation (3DOF) and translation (3DOF) have not been previously available to examine whether additional DOFs improve injury prediction. We measured head impacts in American football, boxing, and mixed martial arts using 6DOF instrumented mouthguards, and predicted clinician-diagnosed injury using 12 existing kinematic criteria and 6 existing brain finite element (FE) criteria. Among 513 measured impacts were the first two 6DOF measurements of clinically diagnosed mTBI. For this dataset, 6DOF criteria were the most predictive of injury, more than 3DOF translation-only and 3DOF rotation-only criteria. Peak principal strain in the corpus callosum, a 6DOF FE criteria, was the strongest predictor, followed by two criteria that included rotation measurements, peak rotational acceleration magnitude and Head Impact Power (HIP). These results suggest head rotation measurements may improve injury prediction. However, more 6DOF data is needed to confirm this evaluation of existing injury criteria, and to develop new criteria that considers directional sensitivity to injury.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.