ArticleCNS neuroscience & therapeutics2015
Ethyl pyruvate protects against blood-brain barrier damage and improves long-term neurological outcomes in a rat model of traumatic brain injury.
Article in CNS neuroscience & therapeutics, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Microglia in Post-Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Cognitive Impairment: From Pathological Changes to Therapeutic Approaches.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Pooled it
- Multitargeted Neuroprotective Strategies of Ethyl Pyruvate: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Perspectives in CNS Disorders.Biomolecules & therapeutics · 2026Review
- Blood-brain barrier disruption: a culprit of cognitive decline?Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2024Review
- The effect of dexmedetomidine on the postoperative recovery of patients with severe traumatic brain injury undergoing craniotomy treatment: a retrospective study.European journal of medical research · 2024Article
- CC Chemokine Family Members' Modulation as a Novel Approach for Treating Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System Injury-A Review of Clinical and Experimental Findings.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Tracing the path of disruption:CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024Review
- Influence of Blood Components on Neuroinflammation, Blood-Brain Barrier Breakdown, and Functional Damage After Acute Subdural Hematoma in Rats.Neurotrauma reports · 2024Article
- Developmental Regulation of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Response to Multifactorial, Severe Traumatic Brain Injuries during Immaturity.Developmental neuroscience · 2024Article
- Unveiling the hidden connection: the blood-brain barrier's role in epilepsy.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Review
- Traumatic brain injury and immunological outcomes: the double-edged killer.Future science OA · 2023Review
- Editorial: Therapeutic relevance and mechanisms of neuro-immune communication in brain injury.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2023Article
- Article
- A Calixarene Assembly Strategy of Combined Anti-Neuroinflammation and Drug Delivery Functions for Traumatic Brain Injury Therapy.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Effects of Natural Polyphenols on Oxidative Stress-Mediated Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Imperatorin inhibits mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor kappa-B signaling pathways and alleviates neuroinflammation in ischemic stroke.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2022Article
- The Role of HMGB1 in Traumatic Brain Injury-Bridging the Gap Between the Laboratory and Clinical Studies.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2021Review
- Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction in CNS Disorders and Putative Therapeutic Targets: An Overview.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
- Cordycepin confers long-term neuroprotection via inhibiting neutrophil infiltration and neuroinflammation after traumatic brain injury.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2021Article
- Mild traumatic brain injury induces microvascular injury and accelerates Alzheimer-like pathogenesis in mice.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2021Article
- Ethyl pyruvate improves white matter remodeling in rats after traumatic brain injury.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
aimsMany traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors sustain neurological disability and cognitive impairments due to the lack of defined therapies to reduce TBI-induced long-term brain damage. Ethyl pyruvate (EP) has shown neuroprotection in several models of acute brain injury. The present study therefore investigated the potential beneficial effect of EP on long-term outcomes after TBI and the underlying mechanisms.
methodsMale adult rats were subjected to unilateral controlled cortical impact injury. EP was injected intraperitoneally 15 min after TBI and again at 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 h after TBI. Neurological deficits, blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity, and neuroinflammation were assessed.
resultsEthyl pyruvate improved sensorimotor and cognitive functions and ameliorated brain tissue damage up to 28 day post-TBI. BBB breach and brain edema were attenuated by EP at 48 h after TBI. EP suppressed matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 production from peripheral neutrophils and reduced the number of MMP-9-overproducing neutrophils in the spleen, and therefore mitigated MMP-9-mediated BBB breakdown. Moreover, EP exerted potent antiinflammatory effects in cultured microglia and inhibited the elevation of inflammatory mediators in the brain after TBI.
conclusionEthyl pyruvate confers long-term neuroprotection against TBI, possibly through breaking the vicious cycle among MMP-9-mediated BBB disruption, neuroinflammation, and long-lasting brain damage.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.