ArticleMolecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy2015
Phase 1 study of intratumoral Pexa-Vec (JX-594), an oncolytic and immunotherapeutic vaccinia virus, in pediatric cancer patients.
Article in Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03792724 (Phase I-II Study of Intratumoral Urelumab Combined With Nivolumab in Patients With Solid Tumors), which is not on this map. Cited by 95 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Phase I-II Study of Intratumoral Urelumab Combined With Nivolumab in Patients With Solid Tumors
Who cites it
95 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 158 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical Application of Oncolytic Viruses: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Pooled it
- Oncolytic virotherapy for cancer: biological mechanisms, clinical advances, and future perspectives.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- Advances in oncolytic virus delivery strategies and challenges in clinical translation.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Alphavirus M1 disrupts super-enhancer-driven oncogenic transcription via non-structural protein NSP2 in osteosarcoma.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Intravenous oncolytic vaccinia expressing transgenes for enhanced safety, inhibition of shedding, imaging, and systemic cancer immunotherapy.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Article
- Emerging Oncolytic Viruses: Beyond Adenoviruses and Herpes Simplex Virus.Journal of Cancer · 2026Review
- Article
- Harnessing live vectors for cancer vaccines: Advancing therapeutic immunotherapy.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
- Advances in cancer immunotherapy: historical perspectives, current developments, and future directions.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Advances in the Drug Development and Quality Evaluation Principles of Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus.Viruses · 2025Review
- Translation of oncolytic viruses in sarcoma.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2024Review
- Dose Considerations for Vaccinia Oncolytic Virus Based on Retrospective Reanalysis of Early and Late Clinical Trials.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Strategies to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of anti-PD-1 antibody, anti-PD-L1 antibody and anti-CTLA-4 antibody in cancer therapy.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Review
- Oncolytic virotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: A potent immunotherapeutic landscape.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2024Article
- Immune Microenvironment in Childhood Cancers: Characteristics and Therapeutic Challenges.Cancers · 2024Review
- Review
- Therapeutic bacteria and viruses to combat cancer: double-edged sword in cancer therapy: new insights for future.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Review
- Combination of Oncolytic Virotherapy with Different Antitumor Approaches against Glioblastoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Recent progress in combination therapy of oncolytic vaccinia virus.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence: Predictors and management.Liver research (Beijing, China) · 2023Review
35 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Pexa-Vec (pexastimogene devacirepvec, JX-594) is an oncolytic and immunotherapeutic vaccinia virus designed to destroy cancer cells through viral lysis and induction of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-driven tumor-specific immunity. Pexa-Vec has undergone phase 1 and 2 testing alone and in combination with other therapies in adult patients, via both intratumoral and intravenous administration routes. We sought to determine the safety of intratumoral administration in pediatric patients. In a dose-escalation study using either 10(6) or 10(7) plaque-forming units per kilogram, we performed one-time injections in up to three tumor sites in five pediatric patients and two injections in one patient. Ages at study entry ranged from 4 to 21 years, and their cancer diagnoses included neuroblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and Ewing sarcoma. All toxicities were ≤ grade 3. The most common side effects were sinus fever and sinus tachycardia. All three patients at the higher dose developed asymptomatic grade 1 treatment-related skin pustules that resolved within 3-4 weeks. One patient showed imaging evidence suggestive of antitumor biological activity. The two patients tested for cellular immunoreactivity to vaccinia antigens showed strong responses. Overall, our study suggests Pexa-Vec is safe to administer to pediatric patients by intratumoral administration and could be studied further in this patient population.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.