ArticlePloS one2014
A new cecal slurry preparation protocol with improved long-term reproducibility for animal models of sepsis.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 120 papers.
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Who cites it
120 citing papers in PubMed, 191 citations in OpenAlex.
- Microbiota-constrained bacterial density limits phage infection in the gut and allows persistence of susceptible cells.iScience · 2026Article
- IL-15/NKG2D signaling-mediated activation of CD8Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
- Experimental robustness and reproducibility of the murine cecal ligation and puncture sepsis model.Intensive care medicine experimental · 2026Article
- Both donor and recipient sex determine behavioral and neuroimmune outcomes in a gut microbiota transfer experiment from the unpredictable chronic mild stress model of depression.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Optimization of a fresh fecal intraperitoneal injection sepsis model and its divergent dynamics from cecal ligation and puncture in mice.Laboratory animal research · 2026Article
- Comparison of Laparotomy and Percutaneous Intraperitoneal Lavage on Survival in a Cecal Slurry Peritonitis Model in Preterm Mice.The Kobe journal of medical sciences · 2026Article
- HIF-1α Promotes Macrophage Extracellular Trap Formation and Exacerbates Acute Lung Injury in Neonatal Sepsis.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Secreted phospholipase PLA2G5 acts as a hemolytic factor in sepsis.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Hypothalamic regulation of sepsis-associated anorexia: cytokine and hormonal signalling through AgRP/POMC circuits.EMBO molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Sepsis-associated skeletal muscle wasting is ameliorated by pharmacological inhibition of the STAT3 signaling pathway in mice.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Mouse models for post-sepsis syndrome: a comparison of cecal slurry injection model versus two cecal ligation and puncture models.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- A cecal slurry mouse model of polymicrobial abdominal sepsis to evaluate the effects of antiplatelet agents.Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis · 2026Article
- Gut microbiome-mediated nutrients alter opportunistic bacterial growth in peritonitis.American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology · 2025Article
- High-temporal-resolution on-site multiplex biomarker monitoring in small animals using microfluidic digital ELISA.Biosensors & bioelectronics · 2025Article
- An antibody targeting high-molecular-weight kininogen blocks contact system activation in a model of polymicrobial sepsis.Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH · 2025Article
- The Clinical View of Sepsis-Associated AKI: How Basic Science Can Help Solve This Problem.Seminars in nephrology · 2025Review
- Sympathetic regulation of the host immune response to bacterial sepsis.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2025Review
- Myostatin antisense administration prevents sepsis-induced muscle atrophy and weakness in male mice.Physiological reports · 2025Article
- Mitoquinol improves phagocytosis and glycolysis in ethanol-exposed macrophages via HIF-1α-PFKP axis.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2025Article
- Evaluating skeletal muscle wasting and weakness in models of critical illness.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2025Review
60 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Sepsis, a life-threatening systemic inflammatory response syndrome induced by infection, is widely studied using laboratory animal models. While cecal-ligation and puncture (CLP) is considered the gold standard model for sepsis research, it may not be preferable for experiments comparing animals of different size or under different dietary regimens. By comparing cecum size, shape, and cecal content characteristics in mice under different experimental conditions (aging, diabetes, pancreatitis), we show that cecum variability could be problematic for some CLP experiments. The cecal slurry (CS) injection model, in which the cecal contents of a laboratory animal are injected intraperitoneally to other animals, is an alternative method for inducing polymicrobial sepsis; however, the CS must be freshly prepared under conventional protocols, which is a major disadvantage with respect to reproducibility and convenience. The objective of this study was to develop an improved CS preparation protocol that allows for long-term storage of CS with reproducible results. Using our new CS preparation protocol we found that bacterial viability is maintained for at least 6 months when the CS is prepared in 15% glycerol-PBS and stored at -80°C. To test sepsis-inducing efficacy of stored CS stocks, various amounts of CS were injected to young (4-6 months old), middle-aged (12-14 months old), and aged (24-26 months old) male C57BL/6 mice. Dose- and age-dependent mortality was observed with high reproducibility. Circulating bacteria levels strongly correlated with mortality suggesting an infection-mediated death. Further, injection with heat-inactivated CS resulted in acute hypothermia without mortality, indicating that CS-mediated death is not due to endotoxic shock. This new CS preparation protocol results in CS stocks which are durable for freezing preservation without loss of bacterial viability, allowing experiments to be performed more conveniently and with higher reproducibility than before.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.