Trial reportThe American journal of clinical nutrition2015
Habitual sleep duration is associated with BMI and macronutrient intake and may be modified by CLOCK genetic variants.
Abstract readClinical Trial
In one paragraph
Trial report in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
61citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid and sleep: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and longitudinal studies.Nutrition reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Gene-Environment Interactions of Circadian-Related Genes for Cardiometabolic Traits.Diabetes care · 2015Pooled it
- Adults Who Are Overweight or Obese and Consuming an Energy-Restricted Healthy US-Style Eating Pattern at Either the Recommended or a Higher Protein Quantity Perceive a Shift from "Poor" to "Good" Sleep: A Randomized Controlled Trial.The Journal of nutrition · 2020Trial
- One-night sleep deprivation induces changes in the DNA methylation and serum activity indices of stearoyl-CoA desaturase in young healthy men.Lipids in health and disease · 2016Trial
- International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Long-Chain Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2025Review
- Impact of Fish Oil and Flaxseed Oil on HIF-2α, COX-2 and IFN-γ Protein Expression: A Case Study in Rats With Kidney Damage Due to Circadian Rhythm Disorder.Veterinary medicine and science · 2025Article
- Sleep Deprivation and Alzheimer's Disease: A Review of the Bidirectional Interactions and Therapeutic Potential of Omega-3.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- Association between the DASH dietary pattern with sleep duration and sleep quality in Iranian employees.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Article
- Short Sleep Duration is Inversely Associated with the Prevalence of Underweight in a Young Japanese Population.Nature and science of sleep · 2025Article
- Investigating the interaction between major dietary patterns and psychological disorders in association with sleep quality and quantity among Iranian adults: YaHS-TAMYZ study.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2024Article
- Circadian disruption, clock genes, and metabolic health.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2024Review
- Food Insecurity and Sleep-Related Problems in Adolescents: Findings from the EHDLA Study.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Article
- Beat the Clock: Assessment of Night Eating Syndrome and Circadian Rhythm in a Sample of Greek Adults.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Review
- Extrinsic and intrinsic modulators of inflammation-resolution signaling in heart failure.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2023Review
- Association betweenNutrients · 2023Article
- Slim larks and overweight owls? A two years dietary intervention in shift workers.Industrial health · 2022Article
- Sleep-disordered breathing, sleep apnea, and other obesity-related sleep disorders: An Obesity Medicine Association (OMA) Clinical Practice Statement (CPS) 2022.Obesity pillars · 2022Article
- Review
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
54 authors.
Hassan S DashtiFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Jack L FollisFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Caren E SmithFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Toshiko TanakaFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Brian E CadeFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Daniel J GottliebFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Adela HrubyFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Paul F JacquesFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Stefania Lamon-FavaFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Kris RichardsonFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Richa SaxenaFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Frank A J L ScheerFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Leena KovanenFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Traci M BartzFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Mia-Maria PeräläFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Anna JonssonFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Alexis C Frazier-WoodFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Ioanna-Panagiota KalafatiFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Vera MikkiläFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Timo PartonenFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Rozenn N LemaitreFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Jari LahtiFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Dena G HernandezFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Ulla ToftFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
W Craig JohnsonFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Stavroula KanoniFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Olli T RaitakariFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Markus PerolaFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Bruce M PsatyFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Luigi FerrucciFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Niels GrarupFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Heather M HighlandFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Loukianos RallidisFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Mika KähönenFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Aki S HavulinnaFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
David S SiscovickFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Katri RäikkönenFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Torben JørgensenFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Jerome I RotterFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Panos DeloukasFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Jorma S A ViikariFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Dariush MozaffarianFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Allan LinnebergFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Ilkka SeppäläFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Torben HansenFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Veikko SalomaaFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Sina A GharibFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Johan G ErikssonFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Stefania BandinelliFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Oluf PedersenFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Stephen S RichFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
George DedoussisFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Terho LehtimäkiFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
José M OrdovásFrom the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (HSD, CES, KR, and JMO), Nutritional Epidemiology Laboratory (PFJ), and Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory (SL-F), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX (JLF); the Translational Gerontology Branch (TT and LF) and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (DGH), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; the Divisions of Sleep and Circadian Disorders (BEC, DJG, RS, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; the Divisions of Sleep Medicine (BEC, DJG, and FAJLS) and Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine (DM), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (DJG); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (AH and DM); the Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (RS); the Departments of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (LK and TP) and Chronic Disease Prevention (M-MP, MP, ASH, VS, and JGE) and National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; the Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (TMB, RNL, and BMP), Departments of Medicine (TMB, RNL, BMP, and SAG), Biostatistics (TMB and WCJ), and Epidemiology and Health Services (BMP), Computational Medicine Core (SAG), Center for Lung Biology (SAG), and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center (SAG), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (AJ, NG, TH, and OP) and Department of Clinical Medicine (AL), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the USDA
Funding
UCLA Clinical and Translational Science InstituteUL1TR000124 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI DUBINETT, STEVEN M. · 2012 to 2015
$57.0MCTSA INFRASTRUCTURE FOR PEDIATRIC RESEARCHUL1RR024156 · NCRR · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI GINSBERG, HENRY N · 2006 to 2011
$53.0MTransgenic & Knock-out MouseP30DK063491 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Andrea L Hevener · 2003 to 2026
$40.4MStatistical Methods for Analysis of Massive Genetic and Genomic Data in Cancer ResearchR35CA197449 · NCI · HARVARD UNIVERSITY D/B/A HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI XIHONG LIN · 2015 to 2026
$10.9MExceptional Survival: Trajectories to Functional Aging (CHS All Stars)R01AG023629 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI NEWMAN, ANNE B. · 2004 to 2016
$9.5MCHARGE Consortium: Omics Discovery for CVD and Aging PhenotypesR01HL105756 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI Bruce M Psaty, NICHOLAS L SMITH · 2011 to 2026
$9.5MCHS Events Follow-up StudyR01HL080295 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI PSATY, BRUCE M · 2009 to 2014
$6.3MWGA Study to Identify Genetic Variants Associated with CV Events in CHSR01HL087652 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI PSATY, BRUCE M · 2007 to 2009
$5.1MCHS Events Follow-up StudyU01HL080295 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI PSATY, BRUCE M · 2005 to 2008
$4.6MLeveraging Family Data to Identify Genetic Variants for Sleep ApneaR01HL113338 · NHLBI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI LIN, XIHONG, REDLINE, SUSAN S. · 2012 to 2016
$4.4MThe Aging Genome Association Study "AGE-GAIN"ZIAAG000965 · NIA · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING · PI FERRUCCI, LUIGI · 2009 to 2025
$4.0MHISPANIC SECONDARY STROKE PREVENTION INITIATIVER01MD009164 · NIMHD · UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI CARRASQUILLO, OLVEEN · 2014 to 2018
$1.9MNCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000124NCATS NIH HHS UL1TR000124NCI NIH HHS R35 CA197449NCRR NIH HHS RR-024156NHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268200800007CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201200036CNHLBI NIH HHS HL053916NHLBI NIH HHS HL080295NHLBI NIH HHS HL087652NHLBI NIH HHS HL105756NHLBI NIH HHS K08 HL112845NHLBI NIH HHS K08 HL112845-01NHLBI NIH HHS N01-HC-25195NHLBI NIH HHS N01HC55222NHLBI NIH HHS N01HC85079NHLBI NIH HHS N01HC85080NHLBI NIH HHS N01HC85081NHLBI NIH HHS N01HC85082NHLBI NIH HHS N01HC85083NHLBI NIH HHS N01HC85086NHLBI NIH HHS N01-HC-95159NHLBI NIH HHS N01-HC-95160NHLBI NIH HHS N01-HC-95161NHLBI NIH HHS N01-HC-95162NHLBI NIH HHS N01-HC95163NHLBI NIH HHS N01-HC-95164NHLBI NIH HHS N01-HC-95165NHLBI NIH HHS N01-HC-95166NHLBI NIH HHS N01-HC-95167NHLBI NIH HHS N01-HC-95168NHLBI NIH HHS N01-HC-95169NHLBI NIH HHS N02 HL-6-4278NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL094806NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL105756NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL113338NIA NIH HHS AG023629NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK063491NIDDK NIH HHS R21 DK089378NIMHD NIH HHS 263 MD 821336NIMHD NIH HHS 263 MD 9164NIMHD NIH HHS L60 MD003562
Abstract
backgroundShort sleep duration has been associated with greater risks of obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Also, common genetic variants in the human Circadian Locomotor Output Cycles Kaput (CLOCK) show associations with ghrelin and total energy intake.
objectivesWe examined associations between habitual sleep duration, body mass index (BMI), and macronutrient intake and assessed whether CLOCK variants modify these associations.
designWe conducted inverse-variance weighted, fixed-effect meta-analyses of results of adjusted associations of sleep duration and BMI and macronutrient intake as percentages of total energy as well as interactions with CLOCK variants from 9 cohort studies including up to 14,906 participants of European descent from the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology Consortium.
resultsWe observed a significant association between sleep duration and lower BMI (β ± SE = 0.16 ± 0.04, P < 0.0001) in the overall sample; however, associations between sleep duration and relative macronutrient intake were evident in age- and sex-stratified analyses only. We observed a significant association between sleep duration and lower saturated fatty acid intake in younger (aged 20-64 y) adults (men: 0.11 ± 0.06%, P = 0.03; women: 0.10 ± 0.05%, P = 0.04) and with lower carbohydrate (-0.31 ± 0.12%, P < 0.01), higher total fat (0.18 ± 0.09%, P = 0.05), and higher PUFA (0.05 ± 0.02%, P = 0.02) intakes in older (aged 65-80 y) women. In addition, the following 2 nominally significant interactions were observed: between sleep duration and rs12649507 on PUFA intake and between sleep duration and rs6858749 on protein intake.
conclusionsOur results indicate that longer habitual sleep duration is associated with lower BMI and age- and sex-specific favorable dietary behaviors. Differences in the relative intake of specific macronutrients associated with short sleep duration could, at least in part, explain previously reported associations between short sleep duration and chronic metabolic abnormalities. In addition, the influence of obesity-associated CLOCK variants on the association between sleep duration and macronutrient intake suggests that longer habitual sleep duration could ameliorate the genetic predisposition to obesity via a favorable dietary profile.
Indexed as
DietEnergy IntakePolymorphism, Single NucleotideSleepAdultBody Mass IndexCLOCK ProteinsCohort StudiesCross-Sectional StudiesDietary ProteinsFatty Acids, UnsaturatedFemaleGene-Environment InteractionGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHumansMaleCLOCK protein, humanCLOCK ProteinsDietary ProteinsFatty Acids, Unsaturatedcircadian rhythmCLOCKdietary intakegene-environmentinteractionsleep duration
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