Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25525159›Full record

ArticleScience (New York, N.Y.)2015

RNA splicing. The human splicing code reveals new insights into the genetic determinants of disease.

Hui Y Xiong, Babak Alipanahi, Leo J Lee, Hannes Bretschneider, Daniele Merico, Ryan K C Yuen, Yimin Hua, Serge Gueroussov, Hamed S Najafabadi, Timothy R Hughes and 7 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Science (New York, N.Y.), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 628 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
628citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
44.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

628 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,287 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. RNA splicing in health and disease.Molecular biomedicine · 2026
    Review
  7. Review
  8. Journal of clinical medicine · 2026
    Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Improving splice site usage prediction with SPLAIRE.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

568 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Hui Y XiongDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada. Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada. Program on Genetic Networks and Program on Neural Computation & Adaptive Perception, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8, Canada.
Babak AlipanahiDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada. Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada. Program on Genetic Networks and Program on Neural Computation & Adaptive Perception, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8, Canada.
Leo J LeeDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada. Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada. Program on Genetic Networks and Program on Neural Computation & Adaptive Perception, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8, Canada.
Hannes BretschneiderDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada. Program on Genetic Networks and Program on Neural Computation & Adaptive Perception, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8, Canada. Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada.
Daniele MericoMcLaughlin Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada. Centre for Applied Genomics, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada. Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.
Ryan K C YuenMcLaughlin Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada. Centre for Applied Genomics, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada. Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.
Yimin HuaCold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA.
Serge GueroussovDonnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada. Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.
Hamed S NajafabadiDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada. Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada. Program on Genetic Networks and Program on Neural Computation & Adaptive Perception, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8, Canada.
Timothy R HughesDonnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada. Program on Genetic Networks and Program on Neural Computation & Adaptive Perception, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8, Canada. Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.
Quaid MorrisDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada. Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada. Program on Genetic Networks and Program on Neural Computation & Adaptive Perception, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8, Canada. Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.
Yoseph BarashDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada. Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada. School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Adrian R KrainerCold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA.
Nebojsa JojiceScience Group, Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA 98052, USA.
Stephen W SchererProgram on Genetic Networks and Program on Neural Computation & Adaptive Perception, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8, Canada. McLaughlin Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada. Centre for Applied Genomics, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada. Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.
Benjamin J BlencoweDonnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada. McLaughlin Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada. Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.
Brendan J FreyDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada. Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada. Program on Genetic Networks and Program on Neural Computation & Adaptive Perception, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8, Canada. Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada. McLaughlin Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada. Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada. eScience Group, Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA 98052, USA. frey@psi.toronto.edu.
University of Toronto · CACold Spring Harbor Laboratory · US

Funding

Single-Cell Biology Shared ResourceP30CA045508 · NCI · COLD SPRING HARBOR LABORATORY · PI John Edward Moses · 1987 to 2026
$118.9M
BIOCHEMISTRY OF PREMRNA SPLICINGR01GM042699 · NIGMS · COLD SPRING HARBOR LABORATORY · PI Adrian R Krainer · 1989 to 2026
$8.8M
Biochemistry of Pre-mRNA SplicingR37GM042699 · NIGMS · COLD SPRING HARBOR LABORATORY · PI KRAINER, ADRIAN R · 2012 to 2021
$7.7M
CIHRNCI NIH HHS P30 CA045508NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM042699NIGMS NIH HHS R37 GM042699NIGMS NIH HHS R37-GM42699A
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To facilitate precision medicine and whole-genome annotation, we developed a machine-learning technique that scores how strongly genetic variants affect RNA splicing, whose alteration contributes to many diseases. Analysis of more than 650,000 intronic and exonic variants revealed widespread patterns of mutation-driven aberrant splicing. Intronic disease mutations that are more than 30 nucleotides from any splice site alter splicing nine times as often as common variants, and missense exonic disease mutations that have the least impact on protein function are five times as likely as others to alter splicing. We detected tens of thousands of disease-causing mutations, including those involved in cancers and spinal muscular atrophy. Examination of intronic and exonic variants found using whole-genome sequencing of individuals with autism revealed misspliced genes with neurodevelopmental phenotypes. Our approach provides evidence for causal variants and should enable new discoveries in precision medicine.

Indexed as

Artificial IntelligenceAdaptor Proteins, Signal TransducingChild Development Disorders, PervasiveColorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary NonpolyposisComputer SimulationDNAExonsGenetic CodeGenetic MarkersGenetic VariationGenome-Wide Association StudyHumansIntronsModels, GeneticMolecular Sequence AnnotationMuscular Atrophy, SpinalAdaptor Proteins, Signal TransducingDNAGenetic MarkersMLH1 protein, humanMutL Protein Homolog 1Nuclear ProteinsRNA-Binding ProteinsRNA Splice Sites

Identifiers

PMID25525159
PMCPMC4362528
OpenAlexW2088338354

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.