Trial reportJournal of the experimental analysis of behavior2015
The effects of the framing of time on delay discounting.
Trial report in Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Behavioral trainings and manipulations to reduce delay discounting: A systematic review.Psychonomic bulletin & review · 2019Pooled it
- Experimental reductions of delay discounting and impulsive choice: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of experimental psychology. General · 2018Pooled it
- Exploring the decoy effect to guide tobacco treatment choice: a randomized experiment.BMC research notes · 2020Trial
- A novel method to assess delay discounting indicates greater ambivalence for delayed rewards.Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior · 2026Article
- Time estimation variability in delay discounting: Model comparison and considerations.Behavioural processes · 2025Article
- An open dataset of Chinese duration expressions.Scientific data · 2025Article
- Modeling temporal self-continuity and its association with temporal discounting.Personality and individual differences · 2025Article
- Parahippocampal-ventromedial prefrontal cortex functional coupling mediates the association between subjective time perception and delay discounting.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Relationship Between Schizotypal Personality Traits and Temporal Discounting: The Role of the Date/Delay Effect.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2025Article
- Framing as a mechanism to overcome the temptation of bad habits.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2025Review
- The effect of time on delay discounting in younger and older adults.Australian journal of psychology · 2025Article
- Recent Experience Affects Delay Discounting: Evidence across Temporal Framing, Signs, and Magnitudes.Perspectives on behavior science · 2024Article
- Adapt/Exchange Decisions Depend on Structural and Surface Features: Effects of Solution Costs and Presentation Format.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Patients with cocaine use disorder exhibit reductions in delay discounting with episodic future thinking cues regardless of incarceration history.Addictive behaviors reports · 2023Article
- Information, ingestion, and impulsivity: The impact of technology-enabled healthy food labels on online grocery shopping in impulsive and non-impulsive consumers.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- Delay discounting, probability discounting, and interdental cleaning frequency.BMC oral health · 2022Article
- Time and risk perceptions mediate the causal impact of objective delay on delay discounting: An experimental examination of the implicit-risk hypothesis.Psychonomic bulletin & review · 2021Article
- Evaluating effects of episodic future thinking on valuation of delayed reward in cocaine use disorder: a pilot study.The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse · 2021Article
- The Effects of Time Framing on Compliance to Hypothetical Social-Distancing Policies Related to COVID-19.Behavior and social issues · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
We examined the effects of the framing of time on delay discounting. Delay discounting is the process by which delayed outcomes are devalued as a function of time. Time in a titrating delay discounting task is often framed in calendar units (e.g., as 1 week, 1 month, etc.). When time is framed as a specific date, delayed outcomes are discounted less compared to the calendar format. Other forms of framing time; however, have not been explored. All participants completed a titrating calendar unit delay-discounting task for money. Participants were also assigned to one of two delay discounting tasks: time as dates (e.g., June 1st, 2015) or time in units of days (e.g., 5000 days), using the same delay distribution as the calendar delay-discounting task. Time framed as dates resulted in less discounting compared to the calendar method, whereas time framed as days resulted in greater discounting compared to the calendar method. The hyperboloid model fit best compared to the hyperbola and exponential models. How time is framed may alter how participants attend to the delays as well as how the delayed outcome is valued. Altering how time is framed may serve to improve adherence to goals with delayed outcomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.