ArticleMolecular medicine reports2015
Histopathological assessment of inflammation and expression of inflammatory markers in patients with ketamine-induced cystitis.
Article in Molecular medicine reports, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mitochondrial damage causes inflammation via cGAS-STING signaling in ketamine-induced cystitis.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2025Article
- Ketamine-associated upper urinary tract dysfunction: What we know from current literature.Asian journal of urology · 2025Review
- The Biocompatibility and the Effect of Titanium and PEKK on the Osseointegration of Customized Facial Implants.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Inhibition of microRNA-34c reduces detrusor ROCK2 expression and urinary bladder inflammation in experimental cystitis.Life sciences · 2024Article
- Article
- Nanolipogel Loaded with Tea Tree Oil for the Management of Burn: GC-MS Analysis, In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Molecular Pathophysiology and Potential Therapeutic Strategies of Ketamine-Related Cystitis.Biology · 2022Review
- Imatinib Mesylate Reduces Neurotrophic Factors and pERK and pAKT Expression in Urinary Bladder of Female Mice With Cyclophosphamide-Induced Cystitis.Frontiers in systems neuroscience · 2022Article
- Intravesical Instillation of Norketamine, a Ketamine Metabolite, and Induced Bladder Functional Changes in Rats.Toxics · 2021Article
- Oxidation-Responsive, Tunable Growth Factor Delivery from Polyelectrolyte-Coated Implants.Advanced healthcare materials · 2021Article
- Ketamine-induced urological toxicity: potential mechanisms and translation for adults with mood disorders receiving ketamine treatment.Psychopharmacology · 2021Review
- Nerve allograft histology after banking following complicated reconstruction.Clinical case reports · 2021Article
- Article
- Disruption of Cav1.2-mediated signaling is a pathway for ketamine-induced pathology.Nature communications · 2020Article
- Ketamine‑induced bladder dysfunction is associated with extracellular matrix accumulation and impairment of calcium signaling in a mouse model.Molecular medicine reports · 2019Article
- Potential Orphan Drug Therapy of Intravesical Liposomal Onabotulinumtoxin-A for Ketamine-Induced Cystitis by Mucosal Protection and Anti-inflammation in a Rat Model.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Clinical significance of interleukin‑6 and inducible nitric oxide synthase in ketamine‑induced cystitis.International journal of molecular medicine · 2018Article
- Ketamine induces hippocampal apoptosis through a mechanism associated with the caspase-1 dependent pyroptosis.Neuropharmacology · 2018Article
- Recent advances in imaging and understanding interstitial cystitis.F1000Research · 2018Review
- Special K: once the fun is over an EMT arrives for the bladder.American journal of physiology. Renal physiology · 2017Article
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8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to evaluate the histopathological features of inflammation and the expression levels of inflammatory markers in tissue samples from patients with ketamine‑induced cystitis. Bladder biopsy samples for histological analysis were obtained from 23 patients (18 men and 5 women) with a self‑reported history of ketamine use and who were treated for cystitis at the Tri‑Service General Hospital of Taipei, Taiwan. Immunohistochemical staining for cyclooxygenase‑2 (COX‑2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), matrix metallopeptidase‑9 (MMP‑9), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and phosphorylated 40S ribosomal protein S6 (Phos‑S6) was performed. The results revealed urothelial atypia in all patients, and intravascular eosinophil accumulation in 22 patients. Histopathological features included denuded urothelial mucosa, ulceration, collagen deposition, smooth muscle degeneration and vessel proliferation. Tissue samples were immunopositive for all of the inflammation markers, including the urothelium, vessel walls, and smooth muscle. COX‑2 staining revealed a significant difference between the inflammatory levels in the urothelium and smooth muscle, and iNOS staining differed significantly between inflammatory levels in smooth muscle (p=0.029). A positive correlation was observed between the percentage of Phos‑S6‑positive cells and the levels of inflammation in the urothelium. These results add to the descriptive literature on the histopathological aspects of ketamine‑induced cystitis, emphasizing the inflammatory nature and a possible role for proteins such as COX‑2, iNOS and Phos‑S6 in the degree of inflammation.
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