ReviewMedical microbiology and immunology2015
Prophylactic vaccination against hepatitis B: achievements, challenges and perspectives.
Review in Medical microbiology and immunology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04540653 (Immunogenicity of the Hepatitis B Vaccine in Individuals 50 Years Old or More), which is not on this map. Cited by 50 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Immunogenicity of the Hepatitis B Vaccine in Individuals 50 Years Old or More: Randomized Clinical Trial
Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 98 citations in OpenAlex.
- Suitable hepatitis B vaccine for adult immunization in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2019Pooled it
- Immunogenicity and Safety of a 3-Antigen Hepatitis B Vaccine vs a Single-Antigen Hepatitis B Vaccine: A Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2021Trial
- Vaccines targeting preS1 domain overcome immune tolerance in hepatitis B virus carrier mice.Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2017Trial
- Review
- HIV causes global B cell dysregulation and restricts HBV-specific B cell development in an incident HBV cohort.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Observational
- Potential Benefits of In Silico Methods: A Promising Alternative in Natural Compound's Drug Discovery and Repurposing for HBV Therapy.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Immunosuppressive Treatments and Risk Factors Associated with Non-Response to Hepatitis B Vaccination: A Cohort Study.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Article
- Review
- mRNA Therapeutic Vaccine for Hepatitis B Demonstrates Immunogenicity and Efficacy in the AAV-HBV Mouse Model.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Isoforms: Their Clinical Implications, Utilisation in Diagnosis, Prevention and New Antiviral Strategies.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Hepatitis B virus immunity prior to and after administration of a 'booster' dose of vaccine among health-care students at a South African university.Vaccine: X · 2023Article
- Article
- Exploring the optimal vaccination strategy against hepatitis B virus in childhood (Review).Biomedical reports · 2023Review
- Importance, Applications and Features of Assays Measuring SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Factors associated with intention to receive vaccines for bacterial sexually transmitted infections among young HPV-vaccinated Canadian women.Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2022Article
- [Hepatitis B vaccines-history, achievements, challenges, and perspectives].Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz · 2022Review
- Comparison of Immune Response in Mice Immunized with Recombinant PreS2/S-C18-27 Protein Derived from Hepatitis B Virus with Commercial Vaccine.Iranian journal of pathology · 2022Article
- Genotype E: The neglected genotype of hepatitis B virus.World journal of hepatology · 2021Review
- Characterization of a library of 20 HBV-specific MHC class II-restricted T cell receptors.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Large-scale vaccination against hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection started in 1984 with first-generation vaccines made from plasma of chronic carriers containing HBV surface antigen (HBsAg). Thereafter, it was replaced in most countries by second-generation vaccines manufactured in yeast cells transformed with gene S encoding HBsAg. Both generations of vaccines have been applied for universal neonate and early childhood vaccination worldwide and have led to a 70-90 % decrease in chronic HBV carrier rates. However, 10-30% of newborns from HBsAg/HBeAg-positive mothers cannot be protected by passive/active vaccination alone and become chronic HBV carriers themselves. Asymptomatic occult HBV infections are frequent even in those who have protective levels of anti-HBs. Suboptimal protection may be due to heterologous HBsAg subtypes that are present in 99% of HBV carriers worldwide. Second-generation vaccines contain partially misfolded HBsAg and lack preS1 antigen that carries the major HBV attachment site and neutralizing epitopes. Third-generation vaccines produced in mammalian cells contain correctly folded HBsAg and neutralizing epitopes of the preS antigens, induce more rapid protection, overcome nonresponse to second-generation vaccines and, most importantly, may provide better protection for newborns of HBV-positive mothers. PreS/S vaccines expressed in mammalian cells are more expensive to manufacture, but introduction of more potent HBV vaccines should be considered in regions with a high rate of vertical transmission pending assessment of health economics and healthcare priorities. With optimal vaccines and vaccination coverage, eradication of HBV would be possible.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.