Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25522423›Full record

ArticleThe international journal of neuropsychopharmacology2014

Measuring adherence to medication in schizophrenia: the relationship between attitudes toward drug therapy and plasma levels of new-generation antipsychotics.

Nursen Yalcin-Siedentopf, Fabienne Wartelsteiner, Alexandra Kaufmann, Falko Biedermann, Monika Edlinger, Georg Kemmler, Maria A Rettenbacher, Christian G Widschwendter, Gerald Zernig, W Wolfgang Fleischhacker and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Nursen Yalcin-SiedentopfBiological Psychiatry Division (Drs Yalcin-Siedentopf, Wartelsteiner, Kaufmann, Biedermann, Edlinger, Rettenbacher, Widschwendter, Fleischhacker, and Hofer), and General and Social Psychiatry Division (Drs Kemmler and Zernig), Medical University Innsbruck, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Innsbruck, Austria.
Fabienne WartelsteinerBiological Psychiatry Division (Drs Yalcin-Siedentopf, Wartelsteiner, Kaufmann, Biedermann, Edlinger, Rettenbacher, Widschwendter, Fleischhacker, and Hofer), and General and Social Psychiatry Division (Drs Kemmler and Zernig), Medical University Innsbruck, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Innsbruck, Austria.
Alexandra KaufmannBiological Psychiatry Division (Drs Yalcin-Siedentopf, Wartelsteiner, Kaufmann, Biedermann, Edlinger, Rettenbacher, Widschwendter, Fleischhacker, and Hofer), and General and Social Psychiatry Division (Drs Kemmler and Zernig), Medical University Innsbruck, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Innsbruck, Austria.
Falko BiedermannBiological Psychiatry Division (Drs Yalcin-Siedentopf, Wartelsteiner, Kaufmann, Biedermann, Edlinger, Rettenbacher, Widschwendter, Fleischhacker, and Hofer), and General and Social Psychiatry Division (Drs Kemmler and Zernig), Medical University Innsbruck, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Innsbruck, Austria.
Monika EdlingerBiological Psychiatry Division (Drs Yalcin-Siedentopf, Wartelsteiner, Kaufmann, Biedermann, Edlinger, Rettenbacher, Widschwendter, Fleischhacker, and Hofer), and General and Social Psychiatry Division (Drs Kemmler and Zernig), Medical University Innsbruck, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Innsbruck, Austria.
Georg KemmlerBiological Psychiatry Division (Drs Yalcin-Siedentopf, Wartelsteiner, Kaufmann, Biedermann, Edlinger, Rettenbacher, Widschwendter, Fleischhacker, and Hofer), and General and Social Psychiatry Division (Drs Kemmler and Zernig), Medical University Innsbruck, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Innsbruck, Austria.
Maria A RettenbacherBiological Psychiatry Division (Drs Yalcin-Siedentopf, Wartelsteiner, Kaufmann, Biedermann, Edlinger, Rettenbacher, Widschwendter, Fleischhacker, and Hofer), and General and Social Psychiatry Division (Drs Kemmler and Zernig), Medical University Innsbruck, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Innsbruck, Austria.
Christian G WidschwendterBiological Psychiatry Division (Drs Yalcin-Siedentopf, Wartelsteiner, Kaufmann, Biedermann, Edlinger, Rettenbacher, Widschwendter, Fleischhacker, and Hofer), and General and Social Psychiatry Division (Drs Kemmler and Zernig), Medical University Innsbruck, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Innsbruck, Austria.
Gerald ZernigBiological Psychiatry Division (Drs Yalcin-Siedentopf, Wartelsteiner, Kaufmann, Biedermann, Edlinger, Rettenbacher, Widschwendter, Fleischhacker, and Hofer), and General and Social Psychiatry Division (Drs Kemmler and Zernig), Medical University Innsbruck, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Innsbruck, Austria.
W Wolfgang FleischhackerBiological Psychiatry Division (Drs Yalcin-Siedentopf, Wartelsteiner, Kaufmann, Biedermann, Edlinger, Rettenbacher, Widschwendter, Fleischhacker, and Hofer), and General and Social Psychiatry Division (Drs Kemmler and Zernig), Medical University Innsbruck, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Innsbruck, Austria.
Alex HoferBiological Psychiatry Division (Drs Yalcin-Siedentopf, Wartelsteiner, Kaufmann, Biedermann, Edlinger, Rettenbacher, Widschwendter, Fleischhacker, and Hofer), and General and Social Psychiatry Division (Drs Kemmler and Zernig), Medical University Innsbruck, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Innsbruck, Austria a.hofer@i-med.ac.at.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNonadherence to medication is still a major problem in the treatment of schizophrenia. The current longitudinal study investigated whether the patients' attitudes toward treatment correlated with the ratio of observed vs expected plasma levels of antipsychotic drugs as an objective measurement of adherence.

methodsData of patients starting monotherapy with a new-generation antipsychotic were collected 2, 4, and 12 weeks after the initiation of treatment. Next to the assessment of patients' attitudes toward medication by means of the Drug Attitude Inventory, the ratio of the observed vs expected plasma level was calculated. Antipsychotic-induced side effects were evaluated by means of the Udvalg for Kliniske Undersogelser Side Effect Rating Scale.

resultsA total of 93 patients were eligible for statistical analysis. About one-half of the ratios of observed vs expected plasma levels ranged from 0.5 to 2 and were considered normal, whereas the other ratios were considered either too low (<0.5) or too high (>2). No consistent correlation between patients' attitude toward drug therapy and the individual ratios of observed vs expected plasma levels of medication was detected. This finding was not affected by side effects.

conclusionsOur results highlight the importance of recognizing the complex nature of adherence to medication in schizophrenia patients. Importantly, we found no consistent correlation between subjective and objective measures of medication adherence. Therefore, monitoring adherence to medication remains a challenge in clinical practice.

Indexed as

Schizophrenic PsychologyAdministration, OralAdultAntipsychotic AgentsFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMedication AdherenceMiddle AgedPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesSchizophreniaTime FactorsAntipsychotic Agentsadherencedrug attituderatioschizophreniatherapeutic drug monitoring

Identifiers

PMID25522423
PMCPMC4376546

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.