Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25522313›Full record

ArticlePloS one2014

Serum IgG antibody levels to periodontal microbiota are associated with incident Alzheimer disease.

James M Noble, Nikolaos Scarmeas, Romanita S Celenti, Mitchell S V Elkind, Clinton B Wright, Nicole Schupf, Panos N Papapanou

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 116 papers, 14 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
116citing papers in PubMed, 14 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

116 citing papers in PubMed, 14 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Oral Health as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer Disease.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2024
    Pooled it
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  9. Analysis the Link between Periodontal Diseases and Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021
    Pooled it
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  15. Trial
  16. The relationship betweenJournal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2026
    Article
  17. Review
  18. β-Amyloid (Aβ) and Human Cathelicidin LL-37: Two Sides of the Same Coin?International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  19. Review
  20. Review

56 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

James M NobleTaub Institute for Alzheimer Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America.
Nikolaos ScarmeasTaub Institute for Alzheimer Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America; Department of Social Medicine, Psychiatry, and Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Romanita S CelentiDivision of Periodontics, Section of Oral and Diagnostic Sciences, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America.
Mitchell S V ElkindDepartment of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America; Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America.
Clinton B WrightEvelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Departments of Neurology and Epidemiology & Public Health Sciences, and the Neuroscience Program, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America.
Nicole SchupfTaub Institute for Alzheimer Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America.
Panos N PapapanouDivision of Periodontics, Section of Oral and Diagnostic Sciences, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America.

Funding

Clinical and Translational Science AwardUL1TR000040 · NCATS · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI GINSBERG, HENRY N · 2012 to 2015
$26.2M
Epidemiology of Biomarkers of Risk and Progression in LOADR01AG037212 · NIA · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI MAYEUX, RICHARD P, SCHUPF, NICOLE · 2010 to 2015
$10.1M
Periodontitis Exposure and Risk of Incident DementiaR56DE022568 · NIDCR · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI NOBLE, JAMES MCCALLUM, PAPAPANOU, PANOS N · 2013 to 2014
$1.6M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000040NIA NIH HHS R01 AG037212NIDCR NIH HHS R56 DE022568
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPeriodontitis and Alzheimer disease (AD) are associated with systemic inflammation. This research studied serum IgG to periodontal microbiota as possible predictors of incident AD.

methodsUsing a case-cohort study design, 219 subjects (110 incident AD cases and 109 controls without incident cognitive impairment at last follow-up), matched on race-ethnicity, were drawn from the Washington Heights-Inwood Columbia Aging Project (WHICAP), a cohort of longitudinally followed northern Manhattan residents aged >65 years. Mean follow-up was five years (SD 2.6). In baseline sera, serum IgG levels were determined for bacteria known to be positively or negatively associated with periodontitis (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans Y4, Treponema denticola, Campylobacter rectus, Eubacterium nodatum, and Actinomyces naeslundii genospecies-2). In all analyses, we used antibody threshold levels shown to correlate with presence of moderate-severe periodontitis.

resultsMean age was 72 years (SD 6.9) for controls, and 79 years (SD 4.6) for cases (p<0.001). Non-Hispanic Whites comprised 26%, non-Hispanic Blacks 27%, and Hispanics 48% of the sample. In a model adjusting for baseline age, sex, education, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, prior history of stroke, and apolipoprotein E genotype, high anti-A. naeslundii titer (>640 ng/ml, present in 10% of subjects) was associated with increased risk of AD (HR = 2.0, 95%CI: 1.1-3.8). This association was stronger after adjusting for other significant titers (HR = 3.1, 95%CI: 1.5-6.4). In this model, high anti-E. nodatum IgG (>1755 ng/ml; 19% of subjects) was associated with lower risk of AD (HR = 0.5, 95%CI: 0.2-0.9).

conclusionsSerum IgG levels to common periodontal microbiota are associated with risk for developing incident AD.

Indexed as

MicrobiotaAgedAged, 80 and overAlzheimer DiseaseAntibodies, BacterialCase-Control StudiesFemaleHumansImmunoglobulin GIncidenceMalePeriodontitisAntibodies, BacterialImmunoglobulin G

Identifiers

PMID25522313
PMCPMC4270775

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.