Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25521420›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of comparative neurology2015

Distributions of vesicular glutamate transporters 1 and 2 in the visual system of tree shrews (Tupaia belangeri).

P Balaram, M Isaamullah, H M Petry, M E Bickford, J H Kaas

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of comparative neurology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 28% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  5. Review
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  9. Review
  10. The Second Visual System of The Tree Shrew.The Journal of comparative neurology · 2019
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

P BalaramDepartment of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, 37240.
M IsaamullahSchool of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60607.
H M PetryDepartment of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, 40292.
M E BickfordDepartment of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, 40292.
J H KaasDepartment of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, 37240.
University of Louisville · USVanderbilt University · USUniversity of Illinois Chicago · US

Funding

FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATION OF THE VISUAL SYSTEMR01EY002686 · NEI · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY · PI KAAS, JON H · 1985 to 2023
$7.4M
Research Project: Sensory and Multisensory Contributions to AutismU54HD083211 · NICHD · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI DYKENS, ELISABETH MAY · 2015 to 2019
$7.1M
Signal Transfer in the Tectothalamic PathwayR01EY016155 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF LOUISVILLE · PI BICKFORD, MARTHA E, PETRY, HEYWOOD M · 2007 to 2011
$1.9M
NEI NIH HHS R01 EY002686NEI NIH HHS R01 EY016155NEI NIH HHS R01-EY016155NEI NIH HHS R01 EY02686NICHD NIH HHS U54 HD083211
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Vesicular glutamate transporter (VGLUT) proteins regulate the storage and release of glutamate from synapses of excitatory neurons. Two isoforms, VGLUT1 and VGLUT2, are found in most glutamatergic projections across the mammalian visual system, and appear to differentially identify subsets of excitatory projections between visual structures. To expand current knowledge on the distribution of VGLUT isoforms in highly visual mammals, we examined the mRNA and protein expression patterns of VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), superior colliculus, pulvinar complex, and primary visual cortex (V1) in tree shrews (Tupaia belangeri), which are closely related to primates but classified as a separate order (Scandentia). We found that VGLUT1 was distributed in intrinsic and corticothalamic connections, whereas VGLUT2 was predominantly distributed in subcortical and thalamocortical connections. VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 were coexpressed in the LGN and in the pulvinar complex, as well as in restricted layers of V1, suggesting a greater heterogeneity in the range of efferent glutamatergic projections from these structures. These findings provide further evidence that VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 identify distinct populations of excitatory neurons in visual brain structures across mammals. Observed variations in individual projections may highlight the evolution of these connections through the mammalian lineage.

Indexed as

AnimalsBrainFemaleImmunohistochemistryIn Situ HybridizationMaleRNA, MessengerTupaiaVesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2Visual PathwaysRNA, MessengerVesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2lateral geniculate nucleusNeurolucidanif-0000-10294pulvinarsuperior colliculusV1VGLUT

Identifiers

PMID25521420
PMCPMC4470886
OpenAlexW2016207758

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.