ArticleBritish journal of pharmacology2015
Synergistic anti-tumour effects of tetrandrine and chloroquine combination therapy in human cancer: a potential antagonistic role for p21.
Article in British journal of pharmacology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Therapeutic Potential of Tetrandrine Compared to Temozolomide in Treating Glioblastoma Multiforme Under Normoxic and Hypoxic Conditions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Captivating Synergistic, Dose-Dependent Anticancer Effects of Tumor-Regulation Modulators Chloroquine and Ivermectin Completely Abolished by an Opposing Modulator, Deoxycholic Acid, in Hamster Fibrosarcoma: In Vivo, In Vitro, and Literature Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Chloroquine Enhances Mda-7- Induced Apoptosis via miR-7 and HSP70 Modulation in Glioblastoma.Iranian biomedical journal · 2025Article
- Inhibition of autophagy as a novel treatment for neurofibromatosis type 1 tumors.Molecular oncology · 2025Article
- Review
- Blockage of Autophagy for Cancer Therapy: A Comprehensive Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Simultaneous activation and blockade of autophagy to fight hepatocellular carcinoma.Autophagy reports · 2024Article
- Tetrandrine for Targeting Therapy Resistance in Cancer.Current topics in medicinal chemistry · 2024Review
- Focusing on the Role of Natural Products in Overcoming Cancer Drug Resistance: An Autophagy-Based Perspective.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- Combination of Antimalarial and CNS Drugs with Antineoplastic Agents in MCF-7 Breast and HT-29 Colon Cancer Cells: Biosafety Evaluation and Mechanism of Action.Biomolecules · 2022Article
- Novel Strategies for Cancer Combat: Drug Combination Using Repurposed Drugs Induces Synergistic Growth Inhibition of MCF-7 Breast and HT-29 Colon Cancer Cells.Current issues in molecular biology · 2022Article
- Pitavastatin and Ivermectin Enhance the Efficacy of Paclitaxel in Chemoresistant High-Grade Serous Carcinoma.Cancers · 2022Article
- Targeting the two-pore channel 2 in cancer progression and metastasis.Exploration of targeted anti-tumor therapy · 2022Review
- [Screening of drugs that selectively inhibit uveal melanoma cells with SF3B1 mutations].Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2021Article
- New Trends for Antimalarial Drugs: Synergism between Antineoplastics and Antimalarials on Breast Cancer Cells.Biomolecules · 2020Article
- Dissecting pharmacological effects of chloroquine in cancer treatment: interference with inflammatory signaling pathways.Immunology · 2020Review
- Effects of tetrandrine combined with acetylcysteine on exercise tolerance, pulmonary function and serum TNF-β1 and MMP-7 in silicosis patients.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2020Article
- Combination of an Autophagy Inducer and an Autophagy Inhibitor: A Smarter Strategy Emerging in Cancer Therapy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2020Review
- Tetrandrine Prevents Bone Loss in Ovariectomized Mice by Inhibiting RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2019Article
- Chloroquine exerts antitumor effects on NB4 acute promyelocytic leukemia cells and functions synergistically with arsenic trioxide.Oncology letters · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
background and purposeTetrandrine, a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid isolated from the Chinese medicinal herb Stephaniae tetrandrae, has a long history in Chinese clinical applications to treat diverse diseases. Tetrandrine induced apoptosis or, at low concentrations, autophagy of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Here we have tested the effects of inhibitors of autophagy such as chloroquine, on the response to low concentrations of tetrandrine in cancer cells. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Cultures of several cancer cell lines, including Huh7, U251, HCT116 and A549 cells, were exposed to tetrandrine, chloroquine or a combination of these compounds. Cell viability and content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured and synergy assessed by calculation of the combination index. Western blot and RT-PCR assays were also used along with fluorescence microscopy and histochemical techniques. KEY
resultsCombinations of tetrandrine and chloroquine were more cytotoxic than the same concentrations used separately and these effects showed synergy. Such effects involved increased ROS generation and were dependent on caspase-3 but independent of Akt activity. Blockade of tetrandrine-induced autophagy with 3-methyladenine or bafilomycin-A1 induced apoptosis in cancer cells. Lack of p21 protein (p21(-/-) HCT116 cells) increased sensitivity to the apoptotic effects of the combination of tetrandrine and chloroquine. In a tumour xenograft model in mice, combined treatment with tetrandrine and chloroquine induced ROS accumulation and cell apoptosis, and decreased tumour growth. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: The combinations of tetrandrine and chloroquine exhibited synergistic anti-tumour activity, in vitro and in vivo. Our results suggest a novel therapeutic strategy for tumour treatment.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.