ReviewFrontiers in public health2014
Ixodes ricinus and Its Transmitted Pathogens in Urban and Peri-Urban Areas in Europe: New Hazards and Relevance for Public Health.
Review in Frontiers in public health, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 282 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
282 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 500 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global Prevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Cattle: A One Health Perspective, Meta-Analysis and Future Predictions (up to 2035).Veterinary medicine and science · 2025Pooled it
- Infection rates, species diversity, and distribution of zoonotic Babesia parasites in ticks: a global systematic review and meta-analysis.Parasitology research · 2022Pooled it
- The Prevalence ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2021Pooled it
- Risk Analysis from the Burden of Lyme Disease (BOLD) Study.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Tick Diversity Associated with the European Brown Hare (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Microorganisms inInternational journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2026Article
- Tick-borne pathogens in golden jackals (Canis aureus) from Armenia.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Metatranscriptomics reveals urbanization-driven divergence in rodent viromes and zoonotic risks in Chinese megacities.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Behavioural and environmental factors associated with the risk of human tick bites in the Grippenet/Covidnet cohort in France.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Prevalence ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Turning urban wildlife mortality into a surveillance tool: Detection of vector-borne pathogens in carcasses of hedgehogs, squirrels, and blackbirds.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Serological and Molecular Detection of Zoonotic Pathogens in European Bison (Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Molecular detection and characterization of Anaplasma phagocytophilum-related strains and Hepatozoon spp. in domestic cats in eastern Türkiye.BMC veterinary research · 2026Article
- Spatial Epidemiology and Ecological Determinants of Ticks and Tick-Borne Pathogens Co-Circulation in Brijuni National Park, Croatia.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Consultations in general practice related to a tick bite episode in mainland France in 2023-2024.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Seasonal variation in prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Neoehrlichia mikurensis in Ixodes ricinus nymphs in southern Norway.Acta veterinaria Scandinavica · 2026Article
- Tick-Borne Bacteria and Protozoa inBiology · 2026Article
- Habitat-Specific Patterns of Tick-Borne Pathogens in Urban and Suburban Landscapes.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Tick-borne pathogens in Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae) and Ixodes inopinatus × I. ricinus hybrids in Central Europe: no link to bird diversity or abundance.Journal of medical entomology · 2026Article
- Detection of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Babesia aktasi in a wild bezoar goat (Capra aegagrus): Overlap with domestic goat strains.Medical and veterinary entomology · 2026Article
222 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 7 institutions in 8 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tick-borne diseases represent major public and animal health issues worldwide. Ixodes ricinus, primarily associated with deciduous and mixed forests, is the principal vector of causative agents of viral, bacterial, and protozoan zoonotic diseases in Europe. Recently, abundant tick populations have been observed in European urban green areas, which are of public health relevance due to the exposure of humans and domesticated animals to potentially infected ticks. In urban habitats, small and medium-sized mammals, birds, companion animals (dogs and cats), and larger mammals (roe deer and wild boar) play a role in maintenance of tick populations and as reservoirs of tick-borne pathogens. Presence of ticks infected with tick-borne encephalitis virus and high prevalence of ticks infected with Borrelia burgdorferi s.l., causing Lyme borreliosis, have been reported from urbanized areas in Europe. Emerging pathogens, including bacteria of the order Rickettsiales (Anaplasma phagocytophilum, "Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis," Rickettsia helvetica, and R. monacensis), Borrelia miyamotoi, and protozoans (Babesia divergens, B. venatorum, and B. microti) have also been detected in urban tick populations. Understanding the ecology of ticks and their associations with hosts in a European urbanized environment is crucial to quantify parameters necessary for risk pre-assessment and identification of public health strategies for control and prevention of tick-borne diseases.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.