Trial reportThe Journal of infectious diseases2015
Antiretroviral Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Does Not Enhance Immune Responses to HIV in Exposed but Uninfected Persons.
Trial report in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03701802 (Immunogenetic Modulators of Mucosal Protection From HIV-1), which is not on this map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Immunogenetic Modulators of Mucosal Protection From HIV-1: The Kinga Study
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pre-exposure prophylaxis differentially alters circulating and mucosal immune cell activation in herpes simplex virus type 2 seropositive women.AIDS (London, England) · 2019Trial
- Intimate Partner Violence and Adherence to HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) in African Women in HIV Serodiscordant Relationships: A Prospective Cohort Study.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2016Trial
- HIV-1-Neutralizing IgA Detected in Genital Secretions of Highly HIV-1-Exposed Seronegative Women on Oral Preexposure Prophylaxis.Journal of virology · 2016Trial
- Regulatory T-Cell Activity But Not Conventional HIV-Specific T-Cell Responses Are Associated With Protection From HIV-1 Infection.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2016Trial
- Antiretroviral treatment does not prevent extrapulmonary tuberculosis during SIV/Mtb coinfection in macaques.JCI insight · 2026Article
- HIV-1-specific CD8PNAS nexus · 2025Article
- Pre-Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) α4β7hi CD4+ T Cells and HIV Risk Among Heterosexual Individuals in Africa.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- HIV-1 protective epitope-specific CD8iScience · 2023Article
- Article
- Article
- Inflammation, HIV, and Immune Quiescence: Leveraging on Immunomodulatory Products to Reduce HIV Susceptibility.AIDS research and treatment · 2020Review
- Superior Efficacy of a Human Immunodeficiency Virus Vaccine Combined with Antiretroviral Prevention in Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Challenged Nonhuman Primates.Journal of virology · 2016Article
- HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP): a review of current knowledge of oral systemic HIV PrEP in humans.Infection · 2016Review
- Cellular immune correlates analysis of an HIV-1 preexposure prophylaxis trial.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2015Article
- Trial designs for evaluating combination HIV prevention approaches.HIV research & clinical practiceArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAntiretroviral preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP), using daily oral combination tenofovir disoproxil fumarate plus emtricitabine, is an effective human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention strategy for populations at high risk of HIV acquisition. Although the primary mode of action for the protective effect of PrEP is probably direct antiviral activity, nonhuman primate studies suggest that PrEP may also allow for development of HIV-specific immune responses, hypothesized to result from aborted HIV infections providing a source of immunologic priming. We sought to evaluate whether PrEP affects the development of HIV-specific immune response in humans. METHODS AND
resultsWithin a PrEP clinical trial among high-risk heterosexual African men and women, we detected HIV-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) peripheral blood T-cell responses in 10%-20% of 247 subjects evaluated. The response rate and magnitude of T-cell responses did not vary significantly between those assigned PrEP versus placebo, and no significant difference between those assigned PrEP and placebo was observed in measures of innate immune function.
conclusionsWe found no evidence to support the hypothesis that PrEP alters either the frequency or magnitude of HIV-specific immune responses in HIV-1-exposed seronegative individuals. These results suggest that PrEP is unlikely to serve as an immunologic prime to aid protection by a putative HIV vaccine.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.